Abdominal Contents

Question 1

Abodominal cavity

Answer 1

the boundaries consist of the abdominal wall, diaphragm, and pelvic inlet

Question 2

Peritoneal cavity

Answer 2

space between parietal and visceral peritoneum

Question 3

Retroperitoneal cavity

Answer 3

The area in the back of the abdomen behind the peritoneum

Question 4

Greater omentum

Answer 4

visceral peritoneum folding from stomach greater curvature

Question 5

Lesser omentum

Answer 5

visceral peritoneum folding from stomach lesser curvature to liver

Question 6

Omental foramen

Answer 6

the only natural communication between the greater peritoneal cavity and the lesser sac.

Question 7

Hepatoduodenal ligament

Answer 7

a thick anatomical structure wrapped in the peritoneum that constitutes part of the lesser omentum

Question 8

Foregut

Answer 8

consist of the abdominal esophagus, stomach, 1/2 duodenum, liver, pancreas, spleen

Question 9

Celiac trunk

Answer 9

a short vessel arising from the aorta just as it enters the abdomen at approximately the level of the T12 vertebra

Question 10

Left gastric artery

Answer 10

branches from the celiac trunk before it splits into the hepatic artery and splenic artery, and supplies the anterior and posterior surfaces of the lesser curvature of the stomach.

Question 11

Splenic artery

Answer 11

branches from the celiac trunk and supplies blood to the spleen

Question 12

Common Hepatic artery

Answer 12

branches from the hepatic artery and supplies blood to the liver duodenum and pancreas

Question 13

Hepatic artery proper

Answer 13

a continuation of the common hepatic artery, a branch of the celiac trunk; breaks into the R gastric artery to supply to the stomach, and the R and L hepatic artery supply to the R and L loves of the liver

Question 14

Midgut

Answer 14

the distal half of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, ascending colon, and the proximal half of the transverse colon

Question 15

Superior mesenteric artery

Answer 15

branches from the abdominal aorta around the L1 vertebrae which distributes into middle colic artery, right colic artery, jejunal arteries, ileal arteries, ileocolic artery, and marginal artery

Question 16

Pancreaticoduodenal artery

Answer 16

arises after branching off from gastroduodenal artery. It divides into anterior and posterior divisions which supply the pylorus, head of pancreas and duodenum

Question 17

Hindgut

Answer 17

gives rise to the distal third of the transverse colon, the descending colon, the sigmoid colon, the rectum, and the upper portion of the anal cana

Question 18

Inferior mesenteric artery

Answer 18

Supplies blood to the hindgut and branches to the left colic artery, sigmoid arteries, marginal artery, superior rectal artery

Question 19

Pancreas

Answer 19

a large gland behind the stomach on the right side of the body, and its job is to aid in digestion

Question 20

Spleen

Answer 20

located at the left side of the rib cage on top of the stomach; its job is that it stores and filters blood and makes white blood cells that protect you from infection

Question 21

Ileum

Answer 21

the third portion of the small intestine, between the jejunum and the cecum

Question 22

jejunum

Answer 22

the third portion of the small intestine

Question 23

Appendix

Answer 23

a small, finger-shaped organ that comes out of the first part of the large intestine; not very important but has a role in miccrobiota

Question 24

Cecum

Answer 24

a pouch that forms the first part of the large intestine; its job is to remove water and some nutrients and electrolytes from partially digested food

Question 25

Ascending colon

Answer 25

first part of the colon, runs from right iliac fossa to right lobe of the liver and goes to bend called the hepatic flexure; function islike the rest of the collon is to remove water and some nutrients and electrolytes from partially food

Question 26

Transverse colon

Answer 26

the longest and most mobile part of the large intestine; between the right and left colic flexures; and same function as rest of colon

Question 27

Descending colon

Answer 27

connects the transverse colon to the sigmoid colon; and its function is to store stool

Question 28

Sigmoid colon

Answer 28

the final part of the large intestine that connects the descending colon to the rectum; and its function is to store fecal wastes until they are ready to leave the body

Question 29

Rectum

Answer 29

last part of large intestine between the anus and the large intestine; does not absorb nutrients but absorbs the remaining water until holds tight until time for release.

Question 30

Anus

Answer 30

where food waste completes its journey through your digestive tract and makes its exit; has nerves and muscles surrounding anus that coordinate to tell you when you need to poop

Question 31

Kidney

Answer 31

two bean-shaped organs that are located to the back of the abdomen; and their job is to filter the blood, and remove waste and balance body's fluids

Question 32

Adrenal gland

Answer 32

two small glands located superiorly ; and their job is to regulate metabolism, blood pressure, immune response, stress response, and sexual hormones

Question 33

Gastroesophageal sphincter or Lower esophageal sphincter

Answer 33

a junction between the stomach and esophagus; a muscular sphincters that acts as a valve that keeps food and stomach acid in the stomach

Question 34

Squamocolumnar junction

Answer 34

the junction of the squamous epithelia and columnar epithelia

Question 35

Cardiac notch

Answer 35

lateral deflection on the left lung at the anterior border

Question 36

Fundus

Answer 36

part of a hollow organ that is across from, or farthest away from the organ's opening

Question 37

Pyloric sphincter

Answer 37

muscular valve that opens to allow food to pass from the stomach to the top of the small intestine

Question 38

Lesser curvature

Answer 38

located on the right border of the stomach

Question 39

Greater curvature

Answer 39

located on the left border of the stomach

Question 40

Intrinsic factor

Answer 40

a glycoprotein produced by the parietal cells located at the gastric body and fundus; and its role is to transport and absorb B12 by terminal ileum

Question 41

Ligament of Treitz

Answer 41

a ligament that supports and anchors the duodenum; it is connected to the right crus of the diaphragm from the third and the fourth parts of the duodenum

Question 42

Caudate lobe

Answer 42

a tail-like lobe posteriorly on the left side of the left side; it provides an anastomosis between the hepatic veins and vena cava

Question 43

Quadrate lobe

Answer 43

located on the left liver lobe between the gallbladder and the fissure for the ligamentum teres hepatis

Question 44

Falciform ligament

Question 45

Coronary/L triangular ligament

Question 46

Cystic duct

Question 47

Common bile duct

Question 48

Cholecystectomy

Question 49

Colic artery

Question 50

Marginal artery

Question 51

Mesentery proper

Question 52

Transverse mesocolon

Question 53

Sigmoid mesocolon

Question 54

Mesoappendix

Question 55

Duodenojejunal flexure

Question 56

Ilecocecal junction

Question 57

Tenia coli

Question 58

Omental/epiploic appendages

Question 59

Hepatic flexure

Question 60

Splenic flexure

Question 61

Symbiosis

Question 62

Hilum

Question 63

Renal cortex

Question 64

Medulla

Question 65

Calyx

Question 66

Renal pelvis

Question 67

Ureter

Question 68

Gonadal

Question 69

Inferior vena cava

Question 70

Pelvic splanchnic nerve