Abdominal Wall and Peritoneal Structures

Question 1

What are the muscle layers of the abdomen? (superficial to deep)

Answer 1

External abdominal oblique m.
Internal abdominal oblique m.
Rectus abdominis m.

Question 2

Which muscle does the rectus sheath cover?

Answer 2

Rectus abdominus

Question 3

What is the linea alba?

Answer 3

midventral raphe; continuous with the prepubic tendon.

Question 4

What serous membranes envelop the organs of the abdomen?

Answer 4

peritoneum

Question 5

What membrane are abdominal organs lined with?

Answer 5

Visceral peritoneum

Question 6

What organ is retroperitoneal?

Answer 6

Kidneys because they reside outside of the abdominopelvic cavity

Question 7

What are the ways fold in peritoneum can be named?

Answer 7

Omenta
Mesenteries
Ligaments

Question 8

What and where is the greater omentum?

Answer 8

Visceral pleura
attaches to the greater curvature of the stomach to dorsal body wall
Encompasses left lobe of pancreas

Question 9

Where is the lesser omentum?

Answer 9

Connects the lesser curvature of the stomach to the hilus of the liver.

Question 10

What is the purpose of the mesentery?

Answer 10

Suspends the intestines from body wall, an contains neurovascular and lymphatic structures.

Question 11

What connects the mesentery to the dorsal abdominal wall?

Answer 11

root of the mesentery

Question 12

what is the inguinal canal?

Answer 12

natural slit between the abdominal muscles

Question 13

What peritoneum extends through the inguinal canal?

Answer 13

Male: vaginal tunic (spermatic cord)
Female: Vaginal process

Question 14

What is the pararectal fossa?

Answer 14

pouch between the dorsal body wall and rectum

Question 15

What is Rectogenital fossa?

Answer 15

pouch between rectum and reproductive organs

Question 16

What is vesiculogenital pouch?

Answer 16

pouch between reproductive organs and urinary bladder

Question 17

What is pubovesicular pouch?

Answer 17

pouch between urinary bladder and ventral abdomen

Question 18

Where does the esophagus run?

Answer 18

through thorax within the mediastinum and to the abdomen via the esophageal hiatus

Question 19

Where does the liver occupy?

Answer 19

caudal diaphragm
cranial stomach

Question 20

Where does the esophagus enter the stomach?

Answer 20

At the cardia of the stomach

Question 21

after ingesta passes through the fundus of the stomach, where does it exit?

Answer 21

The pylorus.

Question 22

What regulates ingesta movement into the duodenum?

Answer 22

Pyloric sphincter

Question 23

what is the duodenum?

Answer 23

Proximal part of small intestine where bile from gallbladder and enzymes from pancreas

Question 24

How is the spleen attached to the stomach?

Answer 24

gastrosplenic ligament

Question 25

After the duodenum, where does ingesta go?

Answer 25

The jejunum

Question 26

What is the longest portion of the small intestine?

Answer 26

The jejunum

Question 27

what is the short termination of the small intestine?

Answer 27

Ileum

Question 28

What is found at the junction of the ileum and the colon?

Answer 28

The cecum

Question 29

What separates the non-glandular and glandular portions of the equine stomach?

Answer 29

Margo plicatus

Question 30

What prevents a horse from vomiting?

Answer 30

Sharp angle of the esophagus and well developed cardiac sphincter.

Question 31

What studied animal has no gallbladder?

Answer 31

Horse

Question 32

Why is the cecum of the horse larger?

Answer 32

modified to allow fermentation

Question 33

What is the colon designed to do in the horse?

Answer 33

Fluid absorption

Question 34

WHat ligament is special to the horse?

Answer 34

Nephrosplenic ligament; Ligament between spleen and left kidney

Question 35

What is the largest chamber of the ruminant stomach?

Answer 35

The rumen

Question 36

What chamber of the ruminant stomach gives a shag like carpet?

Answer 36

The rumen

Question 37

What chamber lies cranial to rumen? What appearacne does it give off?

Answer 37

The reticulum Honeycomb

Question 38

Where is the omasum located?

Answer 38

right of rumen and reticulum with large sheets of mucosae aka laminae

Question 39

What does the omasum do?

Answer 39

reabsorption water

Question 40

What allows milk to skip the chambers straight to omasum?

Answer 40

The milk groove

Question 41

What is the only glandular portion of the ruminant stomach?

Answer 41

abomasum

Question 42

Where are the small and large intestines found in a ruminant?

Answer 42

Right flank region