abdominal wall & inguinal canal

Question 1

layers of the abdominal wall

Answer 1

skin, subcutaneous tissue, muscles, transversalis fascia, and parietal peritoneum

Question 2

fascial layers of the abdominal wall

Answer 2

superficial fatty layer
deep membraneous layer
transversalis fascia

Question 3

superficial fatty layer

Answer 3

aka camper fascia, major fat storage site

Question 4

deep membranous layer

Answer 4

aka scarpa fascia, from umbilicus to perineal region and fascia lata

Question 5

transversalis fascia

Answer 5

membranous and areolar sheet that lines the deep surface of the abdominal wall

Question 6

peritoneal folds and associated fossae

Answer 6

median umbilical fold
supravesical fossae
medial umbilical folds
medial inguinal fossae
lateral umbilical folds
lateral inguinal fossae

Question 7

external abdominal oblique and internal abdominal oblique

Answer 7

compresses abdominal viscera, flex and rotate trunk

Question 8

which oblique muscles help rotate the trunk to the right?

Answer 8

left external and right internal

Question 9

transversus abdominis

Answer 9

compresses abdominal viscera

Question 10

rectus abdominis

Answer 10

compresses abdominal viscera, flexes trunk

Question 11

what are the rectus abdominis divided by?

Answer 11

tendinous intersections

Question 12

what forms the rectus sheath?

Answer 12

the aponeuroses of the lateral abdominal muscles, external/internal obliques and transversus abdominis

Question 13

arcuate line is formed by

Answer 13

the border of the aponeuroses of the transversus abdominis and internal abdominal oblique

Question 14

inferior to the arcuate line, what contributes to the posterior rectus sheath?

Answer 14

only the transversalis fascia

Question 15

balance in contractions of the abdominal wall, diaphragm, and pelvic floor play major roles in?

Answer 15

respiration, defecation, micturition, vomiting, parturition

Question 16

a neuromuscular plane lies between what muscles?

Answer 16

internal abdominal oblique and transversus abdominis

Question 17

what nerves are part of the neuromuscular plane in the lateral abdomen?

Answer 17

thoracoabdominal, subcostal, iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal

Question 18

considerations for incisions

Answer 18

cleavage lines, muscle fiber direction, nerve and artery locations

Question 19

what is safer to cut through?

Answer 19

aponeurosis rather than muscle

Question 20

anterior wall of inguinal canal

Answer 20

external oblique aponeurosis

Question 21

roof of inguinal canal

Answer 21

arching fibers of internal oblique and transversus abdominis

Question 22

posterior wall of inguinal canal

Answer 22

transversalis fascia and conjoint tendon

Question 23

floor of inguinal canal

Answer 23

inguinal and lacunar ligaments

Question 24

what does the inguinal canal contain?

Answer 24

ilioinguinal nerve along with spermatic cord or round ligament

Question 25

spermatic cord covering

Answer 25

dartos muscle/fascia
external spermatic fascia
cremaster muscle
cremaster fascia
internal spermatic fascia

Question 26

contents of the spermatic cord

Answer 26

testicular artery, ductus deferens, pampiniform plexus of veins

Question 27

dartos fascia and muscle comes from

Answer 27

subcutaneous tissue (campers/scarpas)

Question 28

external spermatic fascia comes from

Answer 28

external abdominal oblique aponeurosis

Question 29

cremaster muscle comes from

Answer 29

internal abdominal oblique muscle

Question 30

cremasteric fascia comes from

Answer 30

internal abdominal oblique fascia

Question 31

internal spermatic fascia comes from

Answer 31

transversalis fascia