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ObGyn > Abnormal uterine bleeding > Flashcards

Abnormal uterine bleeding Flashcards

1
Q

Classic symptoms of polyp x2

A

Intermenstrual bleeding
Heavy menstrual bleeding

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2
Q

Differential diagnosis for polyp x4

A

Endocervical polyp
Condylomata acuminata
Fibrinoid carcinoma
Granulation tissue

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3
Q

USS findings of adenomyosis x3

A

Bulky uterus
Heterogenous myometrium
Asymmetric thickness

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4
Q

Management of adenomyosis and leiomyoma x3

A

NSAIDs
Hormonal contraception
Hysterectomy

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5
Q

True or false. Leiomyoma causes changes in bowel and bladder habits

A

True

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6
Q

4 types of a leiomyoma

A

Subserosal
Submucosal
Intramural
Pedunculated

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7
Q

Causes of excess estrogen exposure x4

A

PCOS
Obesity
Early menarche
Late menopause

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8
Q

USS feature of endometrial hyperplasia

A

Endometrial thickness of 4mm+

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9
Q

Structural causes of AUB x4

A

Polyp
Adenomyosis
Leiomyoma
Malignancy/hyperplasia

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10
Q

Non structural causes of AUB x5

A

Coagulopathy
Ovulatory dysfunction
Endometrial
Iatrogenic
Not yet classified

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11
Q

Pathophysiology of von Willebrand disease x2

A

Von Willebrand disease
1. Decreased platelet adhesion in primary hemostasis > increased BT
2. Decreased clotting factor 8 activity in secondary hemostasis > Increased aPTT

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12
Q

2 points in history suggestive of coagulopathy

A

Hx of bleeding with dental procedures
Fam hx of heavy menses

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13
Q

Define metrorrhagia

A

Bleeding between periods
Periods more frequent than normal

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14
Q

Endocrine disorders associated with ovarian dysfunction x5

A

PCOS
Perimenopause
Hyperprolactinemia
Thyroid dysfunction
Hypothalamic hypogonadism

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15
Q

Iatrogenic causes of abnormal uterine bleeding x5

A

Hormonal therapy
Intrauterine devices
Tricyclic antidepressants
Anticoagulants
Corticosteroids

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16
Q

Endometrial causes of AUB x4

A

Endometritis
Cervicitis
PID
Intrauterine AV malformations

17
Q

Management of endometrial causes of AUB x4

A

Antibiotics
Hormonal therapy
Analgesia
Hysterectomy

18
Q

Unclassified causes of AUB x7

A

AV malformations
C/S scar defect
Myometrial hypertrophy
Endometrial pseudoaneurysm
Excessiveexercise, stress, anorexia

19
Q

Define oligomenorrhea and 3 causes

A

Bleeding that occurs less frequently than 35 days
Pregnancy, PCOS, chronic anovulation

20
Q

Define polymenorrhea

A

Bleeding that occur more often than 21 days

21
Q

Pathophysiology of Depo provera on endometrial hyperplasia x2

A

Upregulates progesterone receptors on endometrium > decidualization of the endometrial hyperplasia

22
Q

Causes of AUB in a 13-18y/o x5

A

Persistent anovulation
Hormonal contraceptives
Pelvic infection
Pregnancy
Coagulopathies

23
Q

Causes of AUB in a 19-39y/o x5

A

Pregnancy
Anovulatory cycles PCOS
Hormonal contraception
Endometrial hyperplasia
Structural lesions -polyps, leiomyoma

24
Q

Causes of AUB in perimenopausal women x4

A

Endometrial hyperplasia
Endometrial cancer
Endometrial atrophy
Leiomyoma

25
Q

4 causes of AUB/HMB

A

Endometrial polyp
Adenomyosis
Leiomyoma
PCOS

26
Q

Risk factors of polyps x5

A

HTN
Obesity
Tamoxifen
Hormonal therapy
Post-menopause

27
Q

Define adenomyosis and what causes it

A

Endometrial tissue appearing in the myometrium
Caused by hyperplasia of the endometrial basal layer

28
Q

What causes dysmenorrhea in AUB/A x4

A

Enlarged uterus> increased secretion of prostaglandins> increased contraction of uterus during menses> dysmenorrhea

29
Q

Women at risk of leiomyomas x4

A

Nulliparous
Pregnant
Breastfeeding
Perimenopause

30
Q

High risks of infertility in x2

A

Polyps
Leiomyomas

31
Q

Risk factors of endometrial cancer x5

A

DM
Obesity
Age>35
Nulliparity
Anovulatory cycles

32
Q

4 causes of light menstrual bleeding

A

Congenital malformations
Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism
Intrauterine trauma
Asherman’s syndrome

33
Q

3 causes of coagulopathy

A

vWF
Immune thrombocytopenia
Myeloproliferative disorders

34
Q

Describe pathophysiology of endometrial AUB x3

A

Local disturbance of Hemostasis and vasoconstriction > vasodilation > increased rate of blood loss

ObGyn (34 decks)

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