ABO

Question 1

ANTIGENS FOF ABO BLOOD GROUP

Answer 1

● 3 antigens: A,B,H

Question 2

ABO Develops at

Answer 2

37th day of fetal life

Question 3

IS ABO IGG OR IGM

Answer 3

IGM

Question 4

ABO antibodies can cause rapid ____
hemolysis if the wrong ABO group is
transfused

Answer 4

ABO antibodies can cause rapid intravascular
hemolysis if the wrong ABO group is
transfused

Question 5

determines if ABO blood group is
secreted or not

Answer 5

SE GENE

Question 6

• Adds fucose to
  terminal galactosE

Answer 6

Glucosyltransferase

Question 7

chromo0sme of abo gene

Answer 7

chromosome 9

Question 8

, as no
detectable antigen is produced in response to
the inheritance of this gene

Answer 8

amorph, o gene

Question 9

PRECURSOR OF ABH IS

Answer 9

paragloboside or glycan

Question 10

The FUT 1 (H) and FUT 2 (Se) genes are
closely linked and located on

Answer 10

chromosome
19,

Question 11

Precursor structure on which A and B
antigens are made (by adding sugars)

Answer 11

H- gene

Question 12

Needs production of alpha 2
l-fucosyltransferase that will transfer fucose
into terminal galactose of the precursor
substance

Answer 12

h

Question 13

amount of h antigen in order

Answer 13

: O, A2, B, A1

Question 14

Type 2 chains

Answer 14

(β1 → 4 linkage) →
Found on RBCs → Forms ABO
antigens

Question 15

Type 1 chains

Answer 15

(β1 → 3 linkage) →
Found in secretions → Forms soluble
ABO antigens.

Question 16

Their presence is dependent on the ABO
genes inherited and on the inheritance of
another set of genes called Sese (secretor
genes) that regulate their formation

Answer 16

SOLUBLE ABH ANTIGENS

Question 17

SeSe or Sese =

Answer 17

Secretor → Can produce
soluble A, B, or H antigens in secretions.

Question 18

= Non-secretor → No H antigen or ABH
substances in secretions

Answer 18

sese

Question 19

Although several types of oligosaccharide
chains exist, types _____are primarily
associated with body secretions, while types
________are associated with the red blood cell
membrane.

Answer 19

Although several types of oligosaccharide
chains exist, types 1 and 3 are primarily
associated with body secretions, while types
2 and 4 are associated with the red blood cell
membrane.

Question 20

blood group O inherit at least

Answer 20

one FUT 1(H)
gene (genotype HH or Hh) and two O genes

Question 21

differntiates a1 and a2

Answer 21

dolichos biflorus

IT DOES NOT REACT TO A2

Question 22

Group A RBCs that react with both anti-A and
anti-A1

Answer 22

A1

Question 23

characterized by a single base substitution at
nucleotide 467 and a single base deletion at
nucleotide 1060 (1060delC) in exon 7

Answer 23

A2

Question 24

those that react with anti-A and not anti-A1

Answer 24

A2

Question 25

Lectins are seed extracts that agglutinate human cells with some degree of specificity

Answer 25

Lectins are seed extracts that agglutinate human cells with some degree of specificity

Question 26

A2 RBCs show increased reactivity with anti-H lectin, Ulex europaeus, compared to A1RBCs H antigen and antibody

Answer 26

nti-H lectin, Ulex europaeus, compared to A1RBCs H antigen and antibody

Question 27

It is an insignificant antibody in terms of transfusion purposes because it has no reactivity at body temperature (37°C)

Answer 27

Anti - h

Question 28

Cause mixed field agglutination with polyclonal anti a and b

Answer 28

A3

Question 29

Not agglutinated in Anti-A (A1 ONLY) BUT AGGLUTINATES STRONGLY IN AB

Answer 29

AX

Question 30

No reaction in forward but reacts in reverse blood typing (anti-b)

Answer 30

Aₓ

Question 31

Weak reaction to both anti a-and anti-ab

Answer 31

aEND

Question 32

Weak reaction to both anti a-and anti-ab BUT REACTS WITH ANTI B

Answer 32

Am

Question 33

Weak reaction to both anti a-and anti-b, secretes h only

Answer 33

Ael

Question 34

puro mixed field

Answer 34

a3

Question 35

weak mixed field rxn in anti a and anti ab

Answer 35

aend

Question 36

anti b in serum rxn only

Answer 36

Am and Ay

Question 37

secretes h only ( s subgroup)

Answer 37

Ax, Aend, Ael

Question 38

weak agglutination in ati a and anti ab

Answer 38

A3, Aend, Ax

Question 39

no agglutionation in anti a and anti ab

Answer 39

a,ay,ael

Question 40

– First to discover incompatibility despite ABO compatibility

Answer 40

Levine and Stetson

Question 41

– Discovered Rh factor using Rhesus Macaque Monkey

Answer 41

Landsteiner and Weiner

Question 42

Theory of agglutinogen – Single gene codes for a complex of antigens

Answer 42

Wiener: Rh-Hr Terminology

Question 43

contains 3 blood factors that are tantamount to antigens

Answer 43

Wiener: Rh-Hr Terminology

Question 44

common Rh antigens and postulated that the antigens of the system were produced by three closely linked genes (D/d, C/c, and E/e)

Answer 44

Fisher-Race: DCE Terminology

Question 45

Theory of agglutinogen – Single gene codes for a complex of antigens

Answer 45

Wiener: Rh-Hr Terminology

Question 46

Number assigned to each Rh antigen based on order of discovery

Answer 46

Rosenfield (Alphanumeric system)

Question 47

located on chromosome 1 that control expression of Rh proteins

Answer 47

RHD AND RHCE genes

Question 48

resides on chromosome 6

Answer 48

RHAG

Question 49

Rh-positive individuals inherit one or two RHD genes, which result in expression of RhD antigen and are typed Rh-positive.

Answer 49

RH + phwnotypes

Question 50

RH - phwnotypes

Answer 50

lack detectable D antigen

Question 51

product of RH genes are non glycosylated proteins

Answer 51

RH ANTIGENS

Question 52

= determining C or c expression

Answer 52

Amino acid position 103

Question 53

differentiates E from e

Answer 53

osition 226

Question 54

Only small loops of Rh proteins are exposed on the surface of the RBC

Answer 54

rh proteins

Question 55

was the most common cause of HDFN until Rh-immune globulin was introduced

Answer 55

Anti-D

Question 56

is noted when initial anti-D testing is negative, or less than or equal to 2+ strong, but detectable at the indirect antiglobulin testing (IAT) phase.

Answer 56

Serologic weak D

Question 57

is a phenotype occ is a phenotype occurring in individuals whose red blood cells possess an extremely low number of D antigen sites that most reagent anti-D are unable to detect.urring in individuals whose red blood cells possess an extremely low number of D antigen sites that most reagent anti-D are unable to detect.

Answer 57

Del

Question 58

half of rh sequence is inherited and anti d is produced

Answer 58

portio chromosate

Question 59

all rh are absent

Answer 59

Rh null - all