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social studies 23-24 > absolutism > Flashcards

absolutism Flashcards

(61 cards)

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1
Q

phillip II

A

most catholic king, converted prots to catholics

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2
Q

phillips II only victory

A

battle of lepanto (OE and holy league/spain) fighting for cyprus

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3
Q

phillip is known for his failures-

A

losing against england and spain (fall of the spanish armada) and not putting effort into learning the netherlands langauge and visitng there

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4
Q

armada

A

fleet of warships

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5
Q

huguenots

A

French Protestants influenced by John Calvin

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6
Q

Defenestration of Prague

A

Ferdinand II’s men were thrown out the window

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7
Q

Ferdinand II

A

Catholic and the Holy Roman Emperor
He wanted to convert everyone to Catholicism

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8
Q

Phases of the 30 Years War

A

Bohemian phase (1618-1625)
Danish phase (1625-1629)
Swedish phase (1630-1635)
French phase (1635-1648)

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9
Q

Edict of Restitution

A

any land that the Catholics lost to the Protestants had to be restored, given back, to the Catholics

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10
Q

Gustov Adolphus

A

King of Sweden

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11
Q

Peace of Prague 1635

A

the midway point between the 30 years war, protected only a small portion of the Holy Roman Empire / Protestant land

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12
Q

National Sovereignty

A

the independence of a state combined with the right and power of regulating itself without foreign interference

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13
Q

Divine Right of Kings

A

God gives you power as king

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14
Q

Puritans

A

protestants in England that were inspired by Calvanist ideas who wanted to purify the anglican church located in parliment

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15
Q

Cavaliers

A

Monarchy / Royalists

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16
Q

Roundheads

A

Parliamentary forces

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17
Q

Commonwealth

A

A political community where you vote people in for the common good of the people

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18
Q

English Bill of Rights

A

this bill laid the foundation for a constitutional monarchy / made by William and Mary

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19
Q

Natural rights

A

Life, Liberty, and Property

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20
Q

Absolutism

A

Is a system in which a ruler holds total power

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21
Q

Mercantilism

A

The act of decreasing imports and increasing exports

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22
Q

Czar

A

Russian for Caesar; the title used by Russian emperors

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23
Q

Boyar

A

Russian title for a noble

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24
Q

Austrian Habsburgs

A

Had played a significant role in European politics as emperors of the Holy Roman Empire

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25
Window to the West
A port with ready acces to Europe
26
Cardinals in France before Louis XIV
Cardinal Richelieu helped Louis XIII and Cardinal Mazarin helped Louis XIV / Cardinal Richelieu developed and kept the monarchy in France
27
Louis XIV - The Sun King
thought he could shine light on his people Bribed people He spent his money on parties, wars, and building Versailles He personally felt he was a pretty bad king
28
Jean- Baptiste Colbert
Was asked for assistance by Louis XIV because Louis was bankrupt He established the act of increasing exports and decreasing imports He built roads and canals within France to try and get quickly spead across
29
Absolutism and military power
Is a system in which a ruler holds total power
30
Peace of Westphalia
Officially ended the war in 1648 and gave Sweden and France and their allies new territories idea of national soverignty
31
Fredrick William
Ran Prussia absolute ruler
32
Hapsburg family
They ran the Austrian Empire known for being holy roman emperors
33
Austrian empire
Was the traditional Austrian lands in present day Austria, the Czech Republic, and Hungary
34
Versailles
Established by Louis for 3 purposes Royal council was the personal household of the king Chief offices of the state were located there The place powerful subjects came to find favors and offices themselves
35
French wars of religion
Henry IV the French crown / Huguenot converted to Catholicism In order to stop the wars, he developed the Edict of Nantes Huguenots have the same rights as Catholics
36
Henry IV
He was in France he was a Huguenot who converted to Catholisicm
37
Edict of Nantes
Recognized Catholicism as the official religion of FranceEdict of Nantes - Recognized Catholicism as the official religion of France
38
Oliver Cromwell
Is the lord protector of England He was a Commonwealth leader of round heads
39
Charles I
English Revolution happened during his reign Son of James I
40
Charles II
Son of Charles I He was the monarch that restored monarchy to England Kept the Divine Right of Kings theory
41
William and Mary
They are married Mary was the daughter of James II They take over England and established a Constitutional Monarchy Established the English Bill of Rights
42
Constitutional monarchy
system of government in which a monarch shares power with a constitutionally organized government
43
Romanov dynasty
Started after Ivan the terrible’s reign Was established because of Russia fell into a state of anarchy The emperors are Czars
44
Peter the Great
Made Russia Modern / Westernized it He wanted to open up the window to the West
45
Locke
Believed that a government’s legitimacy came from the consent of the people they governed.
46
Hobbs
Was a proponent of Absolutism, a system which placed control of the state in the hands of a single individual, a monarch free from all forms of limitations or accountability.
47
James I
First absolute ruler and person to have the Divine Right of Kings He believed God gave him his power He believes he does not need a Parliament
48
James II
Brother of Charles II He was Catholic Parliament is looking for assistance with James II Instead, Parliament asks for help with William of Orange to over power James II
49
battle of lepanto
OE vs Spain(Holy league) they fought over cyprus and spain won it gave spain acess to the med sea which gave them protection
50
the netherlands did what bc phillip sucked
they became prot and turned to william the silent and gained independance
51
french religious wars
henry IV was a huguenot but became catholic and gave the huguenots rights
52
peace of augsburg
let hre people choose to be catholic or lutherism
53
edict of restitution
danish phase restored catholic land
54
swedish phase
put up a good fight but their king died and they lost morale
55
30 years war was fought between
hre vs dif people
56
french phase
dominant religion is catholic but they took the side of prot
57
the holy roman empire ceased to exist after the 3yw
58
national soverignty (happens bc the peace of westphalia)
disbands the hre and all these countries are like lets be independant and this leads them into absoluteism
59
ivan the terrible/iv
first ruler in russia to have the title czar
60
peter the great was part of
the romanov dynasty
61
english civil war
came first cromwell helped the roundheads (parliment) against the cavaliers (people who supported the monarchy/charles I) most people were on roundheads side

social studies 23-24 (15 decks)

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