Abuse and Assault

Question 1

topics

Answer 1

• partner abuse
• elder abuse
• child abuse
• sexual assault
• date rape drugs

Question 2

statistics

Answer 2

• nearly 3 million children are abused each year
• more than 1,000 die every year
• 2-4 million women are battered each year
• 700,000 to 1.1 million elderly people are abused every year

Question 3

abuse and assaults transcend…

Answer 3

gender, race, age, and socioeconomic status

Question 4

partner abuse

Answer 4

-physical or emotional violence from men or women toward their domestic partners

Question 5

reasons abuse is not reported

Answer 5

• fear of reprisal
• fear of humiliation
• denial
• lack of knowledge
• lack of financial resources

Question 6

being called to a domestic violence scene

Answer 6

• you may encounter hostility from the person responsible for the abuse
• remain calm when you speak to the person and do not enter his personal space
• remain alert to changes in emotional status
• be prepared to summon law enforcement officials if necessary

Question 7

categories of partner abuse

Answer 7

• physical
• verbal
• sexual

Question 8

abuse may exacerbate existing medical conditions

Answer 8

true

Question 9

characteristics of abused partners

Answer 9

• pregnancy
• substance abuse
• emotional disorders

Question 10

approaching the battered patient

Answer 10

• use direct questions
• avoid judgements
• listen carefully
• encourage patients to regain control of their lives
• offer knowledge of community resources
• encourage the patient to take all necessary precautions before returning home

Question 11

identification of elder abuse

Answer 11

• domestic

- institutional

Question 12

reporting elder abuse

Answer 12

• you are obligated to report suspected elder abuse to the appropriate authorities
• in case of institutional elder abuse, your actions may result in an investigation by an outside agency

Question 13

perpetrators of domestic elder abuse

Answer 13

• adult children- 32.5%
• grandchildren- 4.2%
• spouse- 14.4%
• sibling- 2.5%
• other relatives- 12.5%
• friend/neighbors- 7.5%
• all others- 18.2%
• unknown- 8.2%

Question 14

child abuse

Answer 14

• child abuse can occur from infancy to age 18 and can be inflicted by any number of caregivers
• child abuse comes in many forms
• be alert and report any concerns you may have regarding abuse or neglect
• a childs behavior is one of the most important indicators of abuse

Question 15

bruises

Answer 15

• 0-2 days -> tender and swollen, red
• 2-5 days -> blue, purple
• 5-7- days -> green
• 7-10 days -> yellow
• 10 or more days -> brown
• 2 or more weeks -> cleared

Question 16

children injuries

Answer 16

• soft tissue injuries are common indicators of abuse, especially multiple bruises in different places on the body, in different stages of healing, and/or with distinctive shapes
• severe multiple bruises can lead to death in children

Question 17

physical examination for a child

Answer 17

• burns and scalds
• fractures
• head injuries
• shaken baby syndrome
• abdominal injuries
• you can often recognize the source of intentional burns by their shape and/or pattern -> ex. hot plate, knife, light bulb, grid, cigarette, fork, curling iron, iron, immersion

Question 18

signs of neglect

Answer 18

• malnutrition
• severe diaper rash
• diarrhea or dehydration
• hair loss
• untreated medical conditions
• inappropriate, dirty, or torn clothing
• tired or listless attitudes
• nearly constant demands for physical contact or attention

Question 19

reporting abuse

Answer 19

-as with all other forms of abuse paramedics have an obligation to report suspected child abuse

Question 20

sexual assault

Answer 20

unwanted oral, genital, or manual sexual contact

Question 21

rape

Answer 21

-penile penetration of the genitalia without the consent of the victim

Question 22

first priority

Answer 22

-in calls involving abuse or assault, your primary responsibility is safety- both your own and that of you patient

Question 23

handling rape incident

Answer 23

• assist a rape patient with calming and supportive reassurance
• speak softly
• ask simple but direct questions
• encourage the patient to report the rape

Question 24

date rape drugs (predator drugs)

Answer 24

• render a person unresponsive
• weaken them to a point where they are unable to resist an attacker
• some of the these medications cause amnesia, thus eliminating or distorting the victims recall of the assault

Question 25

rohypnol

Answer 25

- flunitrazepam - a benzodiazepine marketed in mexico, south america - used for insomnia - 10 times more potent than valium - effects in 20 minutes - duration up to 8 hours - characteristics: - colorless - odorless - tasteless - can be dissolved in a drink without being detected - alcohol intensifies effects

Question 26

effects of rohypnol

Answer 26

- CNS depression - amnesia - respiratory depression - muscle relaxation

Question 27

street names of rohypnol

Answer 27

- roofies - mexican valium - roaches - ropes - forget pill - peanuts - trip and fall

Question 28

gamma-hydroxybutyrate

Answer 28

- like GABA - like alcohol - effects in 15-30 minutes - duration 3 hours - used as an amino acid supplement by body builders - depressant with anesthetic type qualities - characteristics: - liquids - odorless - colorless

Question 29

effects of GHB

Answer 29

- relaxation - tranquility - sensuality - loss of inhibitions

Question 30

GHB street names

Answer 30

- georgia home boy - grievous bodily harm - liquid ecstasy - soap - vita G - easy lay

Question 31

ketamine

Answer 31

- ketalar - used as an anesthetic - 10 times more potent than valium - hallucinogenic effects last 45-90 minutes - duration up to 24 hours - widely used in veterinary practice - used in human anesthesia - characteristics: - potent anesthetic agent with dissociative effects - colorless, odorless liquid - white - off-white powder

Question 32

effects of ketamine

Answer 32

- hallucinations - delirium - amnesia - dissociation - respiratory depression - seizures - arrhythmias - cardiac arrest - hypertension

Question 33

ketamine street names

Answer 33

- K - special K - vitamin K - jet - green - kay - mauve - special LA - super acid

Question 34

MDMA

Answer 34

- one of the most abused amphetamines by teenagers/college students - large dose = same effects as amphetamines - onset within 20-60 minutes - 2-3 hour duration - characteristics: - 10% the stimulant effect of amphetamines - potent serotonin release - temperature is a key finding

Question 35

effects of MDMA

Answer 35

- mood alteration, sleep, anxiety - poor memory, poor impulse control - use of other drugs - tolerance - MI, dysrhythmias, CVA - seizures - serotonin syndrome - permanent damage to serotonin neurons - hyperthermia 109

Question 36

MDMA street names

Answer 36

- ecstasy - E - adam - XTC - M&M - eve - love drug - M - beans - roll

Question 37

legal issues

Answer 37

- your actions in the case of alleged sexual assault can affect the prosecution of a crime - protect the evidence

Question 38

chain of evidence

Answer 38

-legally retaining items of evidence and accounting for their whereabout at all times to prevent loss or tampering