AC2.1 - explain forms of social control Flashcards
What are values?
General principles and guidelines for how we should live our lives. e.g- respect for elderly
What are norms
Specific rules or socially accepted standards that govern peoples behaviours in particular situations. These are social expectations which guide behaviour. e.g wearing black to a funeral
What are some examples of informal sanctions?
Frowning upon, name calling, ignoring behaviour, labelling behaviour
What are some examples of formal sanctions?
Prisons, fines, community sanctions, injunctions and detention
What is social control?
Organisations or bodies of people put rules or regulations into place for people to follow to ensure that society runs smoothly to prevent deviant/ criminal behaviour
What is internal & external social control?
Internal- Control over our behaviours from within ourselves. E.g personalities, views etc.
External- Controls over our behaviour through social agencies such as education, family, prisons etc.
What did Freud say?
Behaviour is due to childhood experiences.
Ego, superego, and Id control our thought processes and actions.
Some examples of internal social control..
- Religion - controls people into behaving a certain way because it teaches moral behaviour and the consequences you may face.
- Upbringing - How you have been brought up can dictate your actions, for example if you had a bad upbringing you may be more likely to be deviant
- Rational ideology - Internalisation of societys rules which are then used to determine right and wrong
Examples of agencies of social control-
- Family - Can either reward and praise you for good behaviour, or punish you by taking things away or disapproving your behaviour if you did a bad thing
- Education- give awards for achievement and good behaviour, or punish with detentions and calling parents for bad behaviour
- Police- release on bail for good behaviour, or arrest you for bad behaviour
What is coercion?
Physical or psychological violence or other forms of pressure to make people do or stop something
What is the containment theory?
A theory by Reckless, suggesting that inner and outer containment allows us to refrain from committing crimes. Inner containment comes from socialisation, and outer comes from laws.
What is Hirschi’s behaviour theory?
That to refrain from criminal you need to have social bonds such as: Attachment, commitment, involvement, and beliefs. But if you have weak bonds you are likely to commit.
How is the CJS an external form of social control?
- Police- Impose fear on people by being able to arrest
- CPS- Can imprison and prosecute offenders.
- Judges and magistrates- reduce sentences and can sentence with bail
- Prison service- Can give prisoners privileges such as extra yard time.
What is the feminist theory by Heidensohn?
A theory that argues that patriarchal societies control women more closely than men making it harder for women to offend. Women spend more time at home meaning they have less opportunity to offend.
