Accessory pathways and AVRT

Question 1

What are accessory pathways?

Answer 1

Alternate electrical conduction pathways between the atrium and ventricles

Accessory pathways alter impulse transmission in the heart and create changes on the ECG.

Question 2

What is ventricular pre-excitation?

Answer 2

Ventricles begin to depolarize through cell to cell transmission via the accessory pathway before the impulse gets through the AV node

This allows impulses to conduct more rapidly to the ventricles.

Question 3

What characterizes the Bundle of Kent?

Answer 3

Connects the atria directly to the ventricles, characterized by delta wave, short PRI, and wide QRS

Known as Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW).

Question 4

What is the James Bundle?

Answer 4

Connects the atria directly to the Bundle of His, resulting in shortened PRI and normal width QRS

Known as Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome (LGL).

Question 5

What are Mahaim Fibers?

Answer 5

Conducts impulses directly from the AV node to the right ventricle, resembling a Left Bundle Branch Block pattern

This can affect the conduction of electrical impulses in the heart.

Question 6

What are the two types of AVRT?

Answer 6

• Orthodromic AVRT
• Antidromic AVRT

Question 7

Do impulses conduct slowly or rapidly through an accessory pathway?

Answer 7

Rapidly

Question 8

What distinct feature is present on the QRS in the presence of WPW?

Answer 8

Delta wave (slurred R wave)

Question 9

What two structures does the James Bundle connect?

Answer 9

• Atria
• Bundle of His

Question 10

What are accessory pathways?

Answer 10

Alternate electrical conduction pathways between the atrium and ventricles.

Question 11

What is ventricular pre-excitation?

Answer 11

Ventricles begin to depolarize through cell-to-cell transmission via accessory pathways before the impulse reaches the AV node.

Question 12

How do impulses conduct through an accessory pathway?

Answer 12

Impulses can conduct more rapidly to the ventricles through an accessory pathway.

Question 13

What is the Bundle of Kent?

Answer 13

Connects the atria directly to the ventricles.

Question 14

What characterizes the ECG of the Bundle of Kent?

Answer 14

Delta wave (slurred upstroke of R wave), short PRI, and wide QRS.

Question 15

What syndrome is associated with the Bundle of Kent?

Answer 15

Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW).

Question 16

What is the James Bundle?

Answer 16

Connects the atria directly to the Bundle of His.

Question 17

What is the characteristic of the ECG produced by the James Bundle?

Answer 17

Shortened PRI with a normal width QRS.

Question 18

What syndrome is associated with the James Bundle?

Answer 18

Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome (LGL).

Question 19

What are Mahaim fibers?

Answer 19

Conduct impulses directly from the AV node to the right ventricle.

Question 20

What does the ECG resemble when Mahaim fibers conduct impulses?

Answer 20

Left Bundle Branch Block (LBBB) pattern.

Question 21

What are the two types of Atrioventricular Reentrant Tachycardia (AVRT)?

Answer 21

• Orthodromic AVRT
• Antidromic AVRT

Question 22

What is a key feature of impulse conduction through accessory pathways?

Answer 22

Impulses conduct rapidly through an accessory pathway.

Question 23

What is a distinct ECG feature of WPW syndrome?

Answer 23

Delta wave (slurred R wave).

Question 24

What does the James Bundle connect?

Answer 24

Atria to Bundle of His.