Acid Base Balance

Question 1

what does acid base balance maintain

Answer 1

homeostasis

Question 2

what is the definition of acid base balance

Answer 2

process of regulating ph, bicarb concentration, and partial pressure of co2 of body fluids

Question 3

what is bicarb

Answer 3

base
takes up acid to create balance

Question 4

what is acid base balance measured by

Answer 4

ph

Question 5

acids are constantly…

Answer 5

being produced
co2 and H+

Question 6

examples of acid excretion

Answer 6

exhalation and urination

Question 7

what usually causes acid base imbalance

Answer 7

underlying condition

Question 8

chronic conditions that cause acid base imbalance

Answer 8

copd- chronic resp acidosis
kidney disease- chronic metabolic acidosis

Question 9

how does the body maintain optimal acid-base balance

Answer 9

acid excretion keeps up with production
buffers- HCo3- keeps up with acid production

Question 10

what is respiratory acidosis

Answer 10

too much carbonic acid (co2)
loss of base

Question 11

conditions that can cause resp acidosis

Answer 11

copd
asthma
narcotic overdose
pneumonia
pulmonary edema
gullian barre

Question 12

what is metabolic acidosis

Answer 12

metabolic acid (H+) retention/ingestion or bicarb HCo3 loss

Question 13

conditions that can cause metabolic acidosis

Answer 13

diabetic ketoacidosis
diarhhea
starvation ketoacidosis
sepsis
renal disease
thyroid storm
oliuria

Question 14

what is respiratry alkalossi

Answer 14

co2 loss

Question 15

what are some conditions that cause resp alkalosis

Answer 15

hyperventilation
anxiety
pain
hypoxic
head injury

Question 16

what is metabolic alkalosis

Answer 16

bicarb excess or H+ loss

Question 17

conditions that can cause metabolic alkalosis

Answer 17

ng tubes
vomiting
antacids
diuretics

Question 18

what physiological consequences occur when compensatory mechanisms fail

Answer 18

altered cell fxn
acidosis: decreased LOC quickly
alkalosis: alters LOC and other neuro manifestations: may cause dysrhythmias

Question 19

what history would you take

Answer 19

vomiting/diarhhea
drugs
alc
keto diet
losing wt
meds/supplements
physical assessment (resp and renal fx)

Question 20

who is at risk

Answer 20

very young and very old

Question 21

what is normal ph

Answer 21

7.35-7.45

Question 22

what is normal paco2

Answer 22

35-45

Question 23

what is normal hco3

Answer 23

22-26

Question 24

treatment strategies always start by treating ….. causing disturbance

Answer 24

underlying

Question 25

problems caused by an underlying resp condition require

Answer 25

resp support

Question 26

problems caused by an underlying metabolic condition require

Answer 26

fluid and electrolyte support

Question 27

interventions often include managing a .... disturbance as well

Answer 27

fluid and electrolyte