Acids

Question 1

General Equation: Acid + Alkali ->

Answer 1

Metal Salt + Water

Question 2

Metal + cold water general equation

Answer 2

metal + water -> metal hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 3

what is the density of water

Answer 3

1g/cm3

Question 4

Characteristics of an alkali metal

Answer 4

Soft
Low density (floats on water)
Low melting/boiling points (melts into a ball in cold water

Question 5

Why are the electrons in giant metallic structures delocalised

Answer 5

Because they release the electrons to form stable ions but as there is no atom ready to accept them, they remain close in a region between the ions

Question 6

Metal + steam general equation

Answer 6

metal oxide + hydrogen

Question 7

What is thermal decomposition

Answer 7

when heat energy is used to break down a substance

Question 8

Difference between sodium nitrate and sodium nitrite

Answer 8

(sodium) nitrate : NaNO3

(sodium) nitrite : NaNO2

Question 9

Name two elements that do not need extraction (native)

Answer 9

Silver and gold

Question 10

Sentence to remember the reactivity series

Answer 10

Please stop calling my Australian zebra in language class, she grunts

Question 11

Sentence to remember the reactivity series

Answer 11

Please stop laugh calling my Australian zebra in language class, she grunts

Question 12

What is reduction (two ways)

Answer 12

Gain of electrons
or
removal of oxygen

Question 13

What is oxidation (two ways)

Answer 13

loss of electrons
or
gain of oxygen

Question 14

What is the oxidising agent

Answer 14

the substance that provides oxygen

Question 15

what is the reducing agent

Answer 15

the substance the takes the oxygen

Question 16

What is the Thermite Reaction

Answer 16

Iron (111) Oxide + aluminium -> aluminium oxide + iron

Question 17

What is a redox reaction

Answer 17

the simultaneous reduction and oxidation of species in a reaction

Question 18

what is rust

Answer 18

the corrosion of iron

Question 19

Methods of preventing rust

Answer 19

sacrificial protection (coat in zinc)
chromium plating
coat in oil/grease or paint or plastic

Question 20

Chemical equation for rust

Answer 20

iron + oxygen + water -> hydrated (lll) oxide

Question 21

What is an alloy

Answer 21

compound consisting of a metal with at least one other element

Question 22

What is an acid

Answer 22

H+ ion donator/proton donor

Question 23

What is an Alkali

Answer 23

OH- ion donator and H+ ion acceptor

Question 24

Common bases

Answer 24

• All metal oxides
• All metal hydroxides
• Ammonia

Question 25

What pH do metals and non-metals become when combined with oxygen and dissolved in water

Answer 25

Metals - Alkaline | Non-metals - Acidic

Question 26

What pH do all salts have

Answer 26

neutral

Question 27

Sulphuric Acid Molecular Formula and Charge

Answer 27

H2SO4 2-

Question 28

Why do silver and gold not react with acids?

Answer 28

Because they are less reactive than Hydrogen so they can't displace it

Question 29

What is the difference between alkalis and bases?

Answer 29

alkali are soluble bases

Question 30

What is a base

Answer 30

Proton acceptors but not sources of OH- ions

Question 31

Hydrochloric Acid Molecular Formula and Charge

Answer 31

HCl -

Question 32

Nitric Acid Molecular Formula and Charge

Answer 32

HNO3 -

Question 33

Phosphoric Acid Molecular Formula and Charge

Answer 33

H3PO4 3-

Question 34

Carbonic Acid Molecular Formula and Charge

Answer 34

H2CO3 2-

Question 35

Difference between Nitrate and Nitrite

Answer 35

``` Nitrate = NO3 Nitrite = NO2 ```

Question 36

What colour compounds does Magnesium make

Answer 36

Colourless