Acids Flashcards
Give examples of acids used in daily life.
- Ethanoic acid (found in tomato juice)
- Citric acid (found in citric fruits e.g.lemon, oranges & grapefruit)
- Tartaric acid (found in grapes)
- Lactic acid (found in muscle respiration, sour milk & yogurt)
- Tonnic acid (found in tea and ants bodies)
- Formic acid (found in bee stings)
- Hydrochloric acid (found in stomach juice)
What are the two types of acids?
Strong acids and weak acids
Define a strong acid.
A strong acid is an acid that ionizes (dissolves) completely in water.
Give examples of strong acids.
Sulfuric acid - H2SO4
Nitric acid- HNO3
Hydrochloric acid- HCl
Define a weak acid.
An acid that ionizes incompletely or partially in water.
Give examples of weak acids.
Ethanoic acid- CH3COOH
Phosphoric acid- H3PO4
Hydrogen Carbonate- H2CO
State the properties of an acid.
- sour taste
- corrosive
- turns blue litmus paper red
- soluble in water
- reacts with a base to form salt and water
- reacts with metals to form a hydrogen gas
- reacts with carbonates to form carbon dioxide
What is produced when MgCO3 reacts with 2HCl?
MgCl2 + CO2 + H2O
What is produced when NaHCO3 reacts with HCl?
NaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
What is sulfuric acid used for?
Sulfuric acid is used in car batteries and in the manufacture of detergent, paints, dyes and artificial fibers & plastics.
What is Hydrochloric acid used for?
Hydrochloric acid is used to remove rust from an iron.
What are concentrated acids?
Solutions containing a large amount of acid dissolved in water.
What are dilute acids?
Solution containing small amounts of an acid dissolved in water.
Why are concentrated acids considered not to be necessarily strong?
Because concentration doesn’t relate to the strength of an acid.
Define basicity of acids.
It can be defined as the number of replaceable hydrogen ions in one molecule of an acid.
