Bases Flashcards
(14 cards)
Give some examples of bases.
- CuO
- KOH
- Mg(OH)2
- Fe(OH)2
- Ca(OH)2
What are alkalis?
Alkalis are soluble bases which produces hydroxide (OH-) ions.
State the four common alkalis.
- Sodium Hydroxide = NaOH
- Calcium Hydroxide = Ca(OH)2
- Potassium Hydroxide = KOH
- Ammonium Hydroxide = NH4OH
Define a strong alkali.
Strong alkalis are substances that ionizes completely in water to form metallic positive ions and hydroxide ions.
Give examples of strong alkalis.
- Sodium Hydroxide
- Potassium Hydroxide
Define a weak alkali.
A weak alkali is one which only ionizes partially or incompletely when in water producing OH ions.
Give examples of weak alkalis.
- Ammonium Hydroxide
- Calcium Hydroxide
State the properties of bases/alkalis.
- bitter taste
- corrosive
- pH above 7
- turns red litmus paper blue
- conducts electricity
- slippery/soapy feel
What is an acidic oxide?
An acidic oxide is an oxide of nonmetal that reacts with a base and neutralizes to form a salt.
E.g SO3 + NaOH —> Na2SO3 (salt) + H2O
What is a basic oxide?
A basic oxide is an oxide of a metal that reacts with and dissolves in an acid to form a salt.
What is an amphoteric oxide?
An amphoteric oxide is an oxide of metals that reacts and dissolves in both acids and strong alkalis.
Give some examples of amphoteric oxides.
- Aluminum oxide (Al2O3)
- Lead Oxide (PbO)
- Zinc oxide (ZnO)
Give some bases used in daily life along with their chemical names and uses.
- Antacid (Magnesium Hydroxide) used to cure stomach acidity.
- Caustic Soda (Sodium Hydroxide) used to purify bauxite ore.
- Lime water (Calcium Hydroxide) used to test for carbon dioxide.
- Drain Opener (Sodium Hydroxide) used to clear drains.
- Ammonia (Ammonium Hydroxide) used to clean floors.
- Lye (Sodium Hydroxide) use to perm hair.
What is a base?
A base is a substance that neutralizes an acid to form salt and water and they are usually metallic oxide and metallic hydroxide.
