Acids and Bases Flashcards
(58 cards)
1
Q
HNO₃
A
Nitric acid (strong)
2
Q
H₃PO₄
A
Phosphoric acid (med)
{coke}
3
Q
H₂SO₄
A
Sulfuric acid (strong)
4
Q
CH₃COOH
A
Acetic acid (weak)
{vinegar}
5
Q
HF
A
Hydro flouric acid (weak)
6
Q
HCl
A
Hydrochloric acid
Strong
7
Q
HBr
A
Hydrobromic acid
Strong
8
Q
HI
A
Hydroiodic acid
Strong
9
Q
Nitric acid
A
Strong
HNO₃
10
Q
Phosphoric acid
A
Med (coke)
H₃PO₄
11
Q
Sulfuric acid
A
strong
H₂SO₄
12
Q
Acetic acid
A
weak (vinegar)
CH₃COOH
13
Q
Hydroflouric acid
A
HF (weak)
14
Q
Hydrochloric acid
A
strong
HCl
15
Q
Hydrobromic acid
A
strong
HBr
16
Q
Hydroiodic acid
A
strong
HI
17
Q
HClO₄
A
Chloric acid (strong)
18
Q
HClO₃
A
Perchloric acid (strong)
19
Q
Chloric acid
A
HClO₄ (strong)
20
Q
Perchloric acid
A
HClO₃ (strong)
21
Q
HCN
A
Hydrocyanic (weak)
H⁺ and CN⁻
22
Q
Hydrocyanic acid
A
HCN (weak)
23
Q
Name all seven strong acids
A
Nitric, Hydrocloric, Hydrobromic, Hydroiodic, Surlfuric
Chloric, Perchloric
24
Q
Name (formulas) all seven strong acids
A
HNO₃ HCl HBr HI H₂SO₄ HClO₄ HClO₃
25
NaOH
Sodium Hydroxide (strong base)
26
KOH
Potassium Hydroxide (strong base)
27
LiOH
Lithium Hydroxide (strong base)
28
RbOH
Rubinium Hydroxide (strong base)
29
CsOH
Cesium Hydroxide (strong base)
30
Ca(OH)₂
Calcium Hydroxide (strong base)
31
Sr(OH)₂
Strontium Hydroxide (strong base)
32
Ba(OH)₂
Barium Hydroxide (strong base)
33
NH₃
Ammonia (weak base)
34
CH₃NH₂
Methylamine (weak base)
35
C₅H₅N
Pyridine (weak base)
36
NH₄OH
Ammonium Hydroxide (weak base)
37
Name the 8 strong bases
```
NaOH -Sodium Hydroxide
KOH - Potassium
LiOH - Lithium
RbOH -RubiniumCsOH - Cesium
Ca(OH)₂ -Calcium
Sr(OH)₂ - Strontium
Ba(OH)₂ - Barium
```
38
2 significant figures = how many places behind decimal for pH?
2
39
antilog x
10^x
40
pH to concentration
enter negative of pH (i.e., if pH is 2, enter -2) then 10^x key, then sci key
41
lower pKa =
stronger acid
42
lower pH =
more acidic
43
higher pH =
more basic /alkaline
44
higher concentration of H₃O =
acidic
45
will a salt from a strong acid and strong base hydrolyze?
No
46
what kind of salts will hydrolyze in water
strong acid/weak base
weak acid/strong base
sometimes weak and weak, depends on the strength of the acid or base
47
NH₃ is a what?
weak base
48
NH₄+ is a what?
polyatomic ion
49
ammonia
NH₃
50
ammonium
NH₄+
51
a salt from a strong acid/weak base will produce what kind of solution? Acidic or Basic?
Acidic
52
When a weak acid and strong base produce a salt and it's hydrolyzed in water, will the solution be basic or acidic?
basic solution
53
Can a buffer be created by a strong acid?
No
54
what two species are present in a buffer solution
a weak acid and it's conjugate base (entered into solution as a salt)
55
if the ratio of weak acid to conjugate base is 1 to 1 in a buffer then the pH of the buffer is what?
equal to the pKa of the buffer solution.
56
if the ratio of a buffer solution is not 1 to 1 (not equal, what is the formula used? (henderson-hasselbalch)
pH = pKa (of acid) + log of [A-]/[HA]
57
1 equivalent = ?
1 mole of ions
58
1 mole of Ca ++ ions = how many equivalents?
2 equivalents.
