ACL

Question 1

Anatomy of ACL

Answer 1

Anterior Cruciate Ligament
Key stabiliser for knee joint
Originate on lat femoral condyle
Inserts on tibial plateau
Prevents posterior displacement of femur and restrict hyperex

Question 2

Presentation ACL

Answer 2

Direct contact - excessive valgus stress
Indirect contact - pivot, jump, deceleration
3x more likely in women - greater Q angle, inc lax
Possible pop sound

Question 3

Grade 1 ACL

Answer 3

Ligament stretched
Tender
Swelling
Stable knee
No inc lax

Question 4

Grade 3 ACL

Answer 4

Complete tear
Tender
Swelling
Knee unstable
Positive pivot shift

Question 5

Grade 2 ACL

Answer 5

Partial tear
Tender
Swelling
Unstable knee joint
Px w/ Lachmans

Question 6

Tests ACL

Answer 6

Lachmans -
Pt knee at 20 degrees fx
Thx hand on thigh and tib tuberosity
Pull ant
Mushy end feel - positive

Ant Drawer -
Sit on foot
Pull ant w/hands on joint line
Mushy end feel - positive

Pivot shift -
Hands on ankle and behind knee
Int rot and fx
Palpable chunk noticed on tibia - positive

Question 7

Treatment ACL

Answer 7

Acute -
PEACE AND LOVE
Immobilisation (avoid atrophy!)
Strengthen quads and hams
Neuromuscular inhibition
Taping - support

Before Surgery -
Strengthen and proprioceptive
RICE
Electro therapy
ROM exercise
Mental Prep

After Surgery -
PEACE AND LOVE
ROM exercise
Crutches
Strengthen
Proprioceptive
Neuromuscular
Plyometric