ACTIVITY 15 Flashcards
(28 cards)
used by other animals for communication
skin - integumentary system
2 organs in INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
+ function
+ 3 layers
- skin
- exoskeletal derivatives (feathers, nails, hairs, claws)
a. thermoregulation
b. respiration
c. communication
d. vitamin synthesis
- epidermis
- dermis
- fats
largest organ system?
integumentary system
2 organs in SKELETAL SYSTEM
+ 5 classifications
- axial skeleton - skeleton sa gitna/axis of body
(skull, thoracic cage, vertebral column, sternum) - appendicular skeleton - appendages
(pelvic curdle, humerus, femur, patella)
a. long (femur)
b. short (carpals)
c. flat (sternum)
d. irregular (vertebra)
e. sesamoid (patella) - special [found in knees)
BONE TISSUE
- composed of different types of _____?
- 3 major
+ mature bone cell is called?
+ immature bone cell is called?
+ bone restoration?
- connective tissues
- calcium phosphate
- calcium hydroxide
- hydroxyapatite salts
+ osteocyte
+ osteoblast
+ osteoclast
MUSCULAR SYSTEM
- 4 functions?
- 3 different types? + function, appearance, control
- body movements
- stabilize body positions
- thermogenesis (shivering)
- storing and moving substances within body
- Skeletal Muscle
- movement
- striated ; multinucleated
- voluntary - Smooth Muscle
- inside the visceral organs
- NO striations ; uninucleated
- involuntary - Cardiac Muscle
- heart muscles for beating
- branched & striated
- involuntary
specialized junctions between cardiac muscle cells
intercalated disk
what attaches muscles to bones?
tendons
groups present in skeletal muscles
+ covering of skeletal
+ covering of fascicle
Fascicle
- epimysium
- perimysium
smaller groups of cells in fascicle
+ covering
- muscle fibers
- endomysium
functional unit of skeletal muscles found in muscle fibers
myofibril
SARCOMERE
thick filaments
- other term?
- found in which zone?
myosin
H zone
SARCOMERE
thin filaments
- other term?
- found in which zone?
actin
I zone
skeletal muscles are attached to a bone at 2 ends, which are ____ and _____
ORIING - fixed point
INSERTION - mobile point
skeletal muscles
2 actions
- Antagonistic movement
- muscles working against each other, with one muscle contracting while the other relaxes to control or oppose the movement
(biceps & triceps)
- Synergistic
- muscles work together
NERVOUS SYSTEM
- central nervous system (2)
- peripheral nervous system (3) [PNS]
+ 3 MAIN FUNCTIONS
- brain
- spinal cord
- Cranial Nerves
- Spinal Nerves
- Ganglia
a. sensory function
b. motor function
c. integration
PNS
controls involuntary things (smooth + cardiac + glands)
autonomic nervous system
PNS
controls voluntary things
somatic nervous system
BRAIN
3 main parts
- cerebrum - largest part of brain
- cerebellum
- brain stem
PNS
controls digestive system
enteric nervous system
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
- organ (1) + other term
- endocrine glands (ductless glands)
INFORMATION FLOW FROM NERVOUS SYSTEM (6)
- brain
- spinal cord
- inter neuron
- motor neuron
- effector
- response
INFORMATION FLOW IN NERVOUS SYSTEM (6)
- stimulus
- receptor
- sensory neuron
- inter neuron
- spinal cord
- brain
BRAIN PART
which connects to spinal cord
brain stem
