Acute lymphoblastic leukemia ALL

Question 1

the common Type of Leukemia in children

Answer 1

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
ALL

Question 2

Risk Factor

Answer 2

• Down Syndrome
• Fanconi Anemia (hereditary
  -pancytopenia )

Question 3

how to differentiate between leukemia and lymphoma

Answer 3

leukemia-damage in BM and spreads to bloodstream

lymphoma-damage in lymph nodes and spreads from lymph to lymph (not to bloodstream)

Question 4

Subtypes:

Answer 4

• Most common Subtype B-cell [85%]
• T – cell [15%] - can present with Anterior mediastinal Mass

Question 5

Clinical Features – ALL

Answer 5

• Bone & Joint pain espy, in Lower extremities [Limping
• B Symptoms
• Lymphadenopathy(painless )
• Hepatosplenomegaly ; Testicular swelling

Question 6

Lab

Answer 6

Leukocytosis , Thrombocytopenia , Anemia

Question 7

B symptoms :

Answer 7

unspecified sign for malignancy
-fever
-weight loss
-night sweating

Question 8

Diagnosis

Answer 8

BM Sampling [ > 25% blasts]

Question 9

where do we see anterior mediastinal mass

Answer 9

-in lymphoma generally(hodgkin/non hodgkin)
-t-cell subtype ALL

Question 10

Complication

Answer 10

Tumor lysis syndrome (tx: hydration )

Question 11

Treatment

Answer 11

Systemic Chemotherapy + add
intrathecal Chemotherapy

Question 12

intrathecal Chemotherapy

Answer 12

in subarachnoid space
-cns involvement
preventative treatment for brain metastasis (leukemic meningitis )