acute visual loss Flashcards

(38 cards)

1
Q

what is the 1st surface that the light has to go thru

A

tear film

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

order of media as light passes thru eye

A
  1. tear film
  2. cornea
  3. anterior chamber
  4. lens
  5. vitreous
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is a common cause of corneal edema?

A

increased IOP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is corneal edema often caused by

A

corneal edema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Very red eye, very painful, mid-dilated fixed pupil, acute onset, blurred vision

A

acute angle closure glaucoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

blood in the anterior chamber due to blunt trauma

A

hyphema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are lenticular changes?

A

cataracts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

does hyphema or vitreous hemorrhage resolve faster?

A

hyphema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is vitreous hemorrhage most commonly due to?

A

diabetic retinopathy with neovascularization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

vitreous detachment is most commonly due to?

A

myopia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

when specks/clumps create shadows reflected onto the retina

A

vitreous detachment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

flashes of light + floaters; followed by shade in visual field

A

retinal detachment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

does vitreous detachment or retinal detachment require immediate care

A

retinal detachment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

where does retinal detachment begin and dissect?

A

begins peripherally, dissects posteriorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

leading cause of blindness in US (3)

A
  1. diabetes
  2. macular degeneration
  3. glaucoma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

sudden loss of vision due to neovascular net bleeding

A

wet form of macular degeneration

17
Q

temporary arterial obstruction with monocular dimming of vision

A

amaurosis fugax

18
Q

amaurosis fugax results in what sort of visual loss?

A

sudden, transient

19
Q

if someone presents with amaurosis fugax, then what tests to do?

A

carotid U/S, echo, or holter monitor

20
Q

visual sx of migraine (5)

A
  1. scintillating scotoma
  2. amaurosis fugax
  3. transient cortical blindness
  4. homonymous hemianopia
  5. classic/ opthalmic
21
Q

sudden painless loss of vision that is a true ocular emergency

A

central retinal artery occlusion

22
Q

opaque retina with a cherry red spot

A

central retinal artery occlusion

23
Q

which type of retinal artery occlusion is more associated with emboli?

A

branch retinal artery occlusion

24
Q

branch retinal artery occlusion is most commonly what type of emboli

A

cardiac, talk, fat, vasculitis

25
blood and thunder appearance
central retinal vein occlusion
26
if someone has optic neuritis, they may have_____
multiple sclerosis
27
tx of optic neuritis
corticosteroids parental
28
2 types of optic neuritis
1. papillitis | 2. retrobulbar neuritis
29
subgrp of optic neuritis involving optic nerve
papillitis
30
young adult with monocular progressive loss of vision over hrs to days
retrobulbar neuritis
31
which type of optic neuritis presents with pain on extraocular movement?
retrobulbar neuritis
32
poor vision, pain on EOM, RAPD
retrobulbar neuritis
33
in papilledema, vision and pupillary responses are _____ vs in papillitis vision and pupillary responses are_____
normal; abnormal
34
disc edema in age >55
ischemic optic neuropathy
35
if you suspect ischemic optic neuropathy, what should you test?
erythrocyte sedimentation rate
36
cephalalgia, scalp tenderness, jaw claudication, malaise, anthralgia
ischemic optic neuropathy
37
tx of anterior ischemic optic neuropathy
high dose systemic steroids
38
HA, scalp tenderness, jaw claudication, polymyalgia rheumatica
giant cell arteritis