Adaptations (McLean)

Question 1

Dichotomous keys

Answer 1

A method of classifying organisms based off their traits

Question 2

Order of food chain

Answer 2

Producer –> primary consumer –> secondary consumer –> tertiary consumer

Question 3

Selective breeding

Answer 3

When human cross-breed and extract sex cells and create new species in a lab

Question 4

Process of selective breeding

Answer 4

1.Decide which characteristics are important
2.Choose parents that show these characteristics
3.Select the best offspring form parents to breed the next generation
4.Repeat the process continually

Question 5

Pros of selective breeding

Answer 5

Offspring can be superior, stabilizes food chain, costs of products are reduced

Question 6

Cons of selective breeding

Answer 6

Offspring can have disabilities, incest/inbreeding, surplus of animals, gene pool gets smaller, lack of variation in species, a single disease of change could wipe out the whole species

Question 7

Jean - Baptiste Lamarck’s evolutionary theory

Answer 7

Inheritance of acquired characteristics - an organisms behavior affects their physical features hence excessive use of body part would cause an adaptation that could be passed on to the offspring

Question 8

Charles Darwin’s evolutionary theory

Answer 8

Natural selection - organisms have evolved from small and simpler organisms, and that only the offspring with the best features would survive and pass on their genes to their offspring

Question 9

Process of evolution

Answer 9

1.Need of adaptation
2.the population must over-produce
3.There will be competition for resources
4.This will cause only the strongest to survive
5.Those that survive will then reproduce
6.The alleles will then be passed to the next generation

Question 10

Types of adaptations

Answer 10

Structural, behavioral, physiological

Question 11

Structural adaptations

Answer 11

Physical differences in biological structures

Question 12

Behavioral adaptations

Answer 12

Difference in patterns of activity

Question 13

Physiological adaptations

Answer 13

Variation in detection and response by vital organs

Question 14

What are adaptations used for

Answer 14

to avoid being eaten, to make or find more food, to better survive changes in their abiotic environment

Question 15

Order of inheritance substances

Answer 15

Segment of DNA –> Gene –> DNA –> Chromosomes –> Nucleus –> Cell

Question 16

What are genes used for

Answer 16

code for proteins, and proteins determine characteristics

Question 17

Why do children look like parents

Answer 17

Children are formed by sperm and egg, sperm & egg contain parental gene, genes determine some of our characteristics, each sperm and egg is different

Question 18

How many chromosomes does the human body have?

Answer 18

23