Adaptive Immune System Flashcards
What is the primary function of the adaptive immune system?
To identify and eliminate specific pathogens.
True or False: The adaptive immune system provides a rapid response to pathogens.
False
Fill in the blank: The adaptive immune system relies on _____ cells to recognize specific antigens.
lymphocytes
What types of cells are primarily involved in the adaptive immune response?
B cells and T cells.
Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the adaptive immune system? A) Specificity B) Memory C) Immediate response D) Diversity
C) Immediate response
What is the role of B cells in the adaptive immune system?
To produce antibodies that target specific antigens.
True or False: T cells can directly kill infected cells.
True
Fill in the blank: The process by which B cells recognize and bind to antigens is called _____ .
antigen recognition
What are memory cells?
Long-lived cells that provide faster responses upon re-exposure to the same antigen.
Multiple choice: Which type of T cell helps activate B cells? A) Cytotoxic T cells B) Helper T cells C) Regulatory T cells D) Memory T cells
B) Helper T cells
What is the significance of clonal selection in the adaptive immune response?
It ensures that the immune response is directed against the specific antigen.
True or False: The adaptive immune system can recognize a wide variety of pathogens at first exposure.
False
Fill in the blank: The _____ is a protein that binds to specific antigens and neutralizes them.
antibody
What is the difference between active and passive immunity?
Active immunity is acquired through exposure to pathogens, while passive immunity is acquired through the transfer of antibodies.
Multiple choice: Which of the following cells are responsible for the production of antibodies? A) T cells B) B cells C) Macrophages D) Dendritic cells
B) B cells
What are dendritic cells’ role in the adaptive immune system?
To present antigens to T cells and activate them.
True or False: Vaccination is a method of inducing active immunity.
True
Fill in the blank: The adaptive immune response is primarily mediated by _____ and _____ cells.
B cells; T cells
What is the function of cytotoxic T cells?
To kill infected or cancerous cells.
Multiple choice: Which type of T cell regulates the immune response? A) Helper T cells B) Cytotoxic T cells C) Regulatory T cells D) Memory T cells
C) Regulatory T cells
What is an antigen?
A substance that triggers an immune response.
True or False: Antibodies can only bind to free-floating antigens.
False
Fill in the blank: The first exposure to an antigen is referred to as the _____ response.
primary
What is the role of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) in the adaptive immune system?
To present antigen fragments on cell surfaces for recognition by T cells.
