Addiction dopamine nicotine Flashcards
(4 cards)
How is the DRD2 gene linked to addiction through neurochemistry?
An imbalance in neurochemistry is thought to result from a genetic abnormality—specifically, a variation of the DRD2 gene, which encodes the D2 subtype of dopamine receptor.
What evidence supports the role of the DRD2 gene in addiction?
Variants of the DRD2 gene are linked to dependence on substances like cocaine, alcohol, and opioids, as well as behaviours like gambling and obesity, supporting its role as a reinforcement/reward gene via the dopamine system.
What is a limitation of focusing solely on dopamine in explaining nicotine addiction?
Other neurotransmitters (e.g., GABA, serotonin) and psychological factors (e.g., cue reactivity, SLT) are also involved, suggesting the dopamine explanation is overly simplistic and reductionist.
What are the practical implications of understanding biological causes of nicotine addiction?
It helps reduce long-term NHS costs—early use of biological treatments like nicotine patches can reduce physical harm from smoking and prevent future health expenses.
