Additional

Question 1

Alcoholic Fermentation

Answer 1

Sugar + Yeast = Alcohol + Carbon Dioxide

Question 2

White Grapes of Greece?

Answer 2

1. Assyrtiko
2. Moschofilero

Question 3

Red grapes of Greece?

Answer 3

1. Xinomavro

Question 4

Red grapes of Sicily?

Answer 4

1. Nero d’Avola
2. Nerello Mascalese

Question 5

White grapes of Campania?

Answer 5

1. Falanghina
2. Fiano do Avellino
3. Greco di Tufo

Question 6

Tuscanys white grapes?

Answer 6

Vernaccia

Question 7

White Grape Variety for Fruili Venezia Giulia

Answer 7

1. Pinot Grigio
2. Sauvignon Blanc
3. Friulano

Question 8

Red Grape Variety for Fruili Venezia Giulia

Answer 8

Merlot

Question 9

Fining:

Answer 9

The process of adding a substance to wine to bind and remove unwanted particles, such as proteins, tannins, or off-odors, to improve clarity, stability, and texture.

-Cold stabilization, clarification

Question 10

What are common fining agents used in winemaking?

Answer 10

1. Bentonite (removes proteins)
2. Egg whites / Gelatin (soften tannins)
3. Isinglass / Casein (improve clarity)
4. PVPP (removes bitterness)

Question 11

Filteration:

Answer 11

The process of physically removing particles (like yeast, bacteria, or sediment) from wine by passing it through a filter or membrane.

• Microbial stability

Question 12

What are the main types of filtration?

Answer 12

1. Depth filtration: using porous pads to trap solids
2. Surface (membrane) filtration: fine filtering with membranes (can be sterile)
3. Cross-flow filtration: advanced, efficient, uses pressure

Question 13

What is the main difference between fining and filtration?

Answer 13

• Fining = uses agents to chemically bind particles and remove them
• Filtration = physically removes particles by passing wine through a filter

Question 14

Deductive tasting:

Answer 14

1. Sight
2. Nose
3. Palate
4. Initial Conclusion
5. Final Conclusion

Question 15

Brightness scale

Answer 15

1. Pale
2. Medium
3. Deep
4. Dull
5. Hazy
6. Bright
7. Day Bright
8. Star Bright

Question 16

Sight gives clues as to:

Answer 16

1. Age
2. Storage
3. Conditions
4. Grape Variety

Question 17

Color scales for white wines

Answer 17

1. Straw
2. Yellow
3. Gold
4. Amber

Question 18

Color scales for red wines

Answer 18

1. Purple
2. Ruby Red
3. Garnet

Question 19

Secondary colors and hues for white wines

Answer 19

1. Silver
2. Green
3. Copper

Question 20

Secondary color and hues for red wines

Answer 20

1. Orange
2. Brown
3. Blue

Question 21

F.E.W.

Answer 21

1. Fruit, Non-Fruit
2. Earth
3. Wood

Question 22

How is Amarone Della Valpolicella made?

Answer 22

It’s made from dried grapes. The process is called Passito

Question 23

White grapes from Veneto

Answer 23

1. Pinot Grigio
2. Garganega
3. Glera

Question 24

Grape varietal for Trento-Alto Adige

Answer 24

Pinot Grigio

Question 25

Which of the following terms refers to the process of converting sugar into alcohol?

Answer 25

Fermentation

Question 26

What is “must”?

Answer 26

Unfermented grape juice with skins, seeds, and stems.

Question 27

What does malolactic fermentation convert?

Answer 27

Malic acid to lactic acid - Malolactic fermentation softens acidity in wine.

Question 28

What term indicates the highest quality level in Spanish wine law?

Answer 28

DOCa (Rioja and Priorat)

Question 29

In Burgundy, what is a “Premier Cru”?

Answer 29

A high-quality single vineyard - Premier Cru is one level below Grand Cru in Burgundy.

Question 30

What is the main grape of Napa Valley’s signature red wines?

Answer 30

Cabernet Sauvignon -Napas flagship grape

Question 31

Which French region is famous for Gewürztraminer and Riesling?

Answer 31

Alsace - Dry Riesling, Gewürztraminer, and Pinot Gris shine here.

Question 32

Which of these is a fortified wine made in Sicily?

Answer 32

Marsala - Fortified Sicilian wine often used in cooking and sipping. (Like the chicken Marsala from the Cheesecake Factory!)

Question 33

What is brettanomyces (brett)?

Answer 33

A spoilage yeast - Brett can add funky flavors, but too much is considered a fault.