ADOLESCENTS Flashcards
(16 cards)
erikson stage for adolescents:
what are they working on in this stage & how can we promote this stage?
identity vs role confusion
“who they are”
accept changes in body image
establish value system
make career decision
become emancipated from parents
integrates own & other’s opinions
ready to work on sense of intimacy
piaget stage for adolescents:
what is going on with their thinking?
formal operation (11+)
abstract thinking develops
develop strategies for improving learning
think about how they feel and what they are thinking
symbolically associate thoughts with abstract concepts
gain advanced reasoning skills
concept of self: self absorbed, not able to come out of their own egocentrism, can think about trust, faith, belief, spirituality = non-concrete things
way of thinking = invincibility
capable of seeing others perspectives
types of toys for adolescents:
reading & language skills increase, organized play, music, peers, dances, puzzles, movies
age range for adolescents:
prepubertal:
adolescents:
13 to 18Y
prepubertal: 10-12Y
adolescents: 13 to 18Y
pubetry changes for girls:
first signs:
breast buds 2y before period
development of pubic hair follows in 2-6M
increase in vaginal discharge
menstruation: 10.5-15y
delay is no breast development by age 12 or menarche within 2-2.5 yr of onset of breast development
puberty changes for boys:
first signs:
testicular enlargement: 9.5-14y
delay if no enlargement of testes or scrotum by 14y or if genital growth is not complete 4 yr after testicles enlarge
tanner’s stages of development
physical growth:
height in girls:
height in boys:
girls gain:
boys gain:
other facts:
height in girls: fastest in early puberty
height in boys: fastest in mid puberty
girls gain: 5-20 cm, 7-25 kg
boys gain: 10-30 cm, 7-30 kg
other facts:
always hungry, need protein, calcium, multi-vitamin, vitamin D, iron deficiency for girls
teach them to make good snacking habits
secondary sex characteristics:
pubic harir
menarche or penis growth
voice changes for boys
underarm hair
facial hair growth for boys
increased production of oil, sweat glands, acne
stress & coping:
inept social performance
social isolation
sexuality
drugs, war, divorce
crowds
gossip
public speaking
death
self-consciousness, sensitivity, & concern over own body changes and comparisons between them & peers
2 myths of adolescence
think ppl are always talking about them, indestructible
brain development:
not completely developed until late adolescence
emotional, physical & mental abilities incomplete
could explain why some seem inconsistent in controlling emotions, impulses & judgements
FRONTAL LOBE IS STILL DEVELOPING
changes in adolescents:
sleep longer: 12.5 hr
more clumsy - growth spurts can grow at diff rates
girls may become more sensitive about weight
eating disorders
boys who develop late = more risky behaviors
girls who develop early = unwanted, older attention
concerned ab physically developing at same rate as peer
awkward feelings about affection to opposite sex parent
ask more direct questions ab sex
what can parents do?
expect inconsistency in responsibility talking & decision making
provide opportunities for safe risk taking (roller coasters)
avoid criticism & comparison to others
encourage enough sleep & model healthy eating
encourage activity
provide honest answers about sex
safety:
motor vehicle safety
recreational athletic activities
substance use & consequences
sex & abstinence
firearms - need to be locked up or none present in home
depression & potential suicide attempts
predictors of sexual activity
heaving steady bf/gf
using alcohol regularly
parents with permissive values ab sex
being worried ab one’s future occupational success - this is not one
