PRESCHOOLERS Flashcards
(12 cards)
Gross motor skills for preschoolers:
3y:
4y:
5y:
_____ is encouraged for safety
3y: rides tricycle, broad jump w both feet, balance on tiptioe, balances on foot for a few seconds
4y: skips & hops on one foot, catches ball reliably
5y: throws & catches ball well, balances on alternate feet, begins to skate & swim, increased strength & refinement of fine & gross motor abilities
SWIMMING is encouraged for safety at age 5y
how do preschoolers play?
how do they play with others?
focus:
begins ____ play
TV:
true/false: imaginary play should not occur
role play: imitation & imaginary play help them learn about the world; helps with self expression
associative play: group play in similar or identical activities but without rigid organization or rules
focus: stimulate imagination, gross & fine motor skills, language & social development
begins cooperative play !!
TV: no more than 2hr/day, should be interactive
false: imaginary play is normal, go along with it
erikson stage for preschoolers:
initiative vs guilt
think they excel at something: initiative
fussed at for doing something: guilt
children want to try everything, may wish negative things; need to clarify that wishes cannot make things happen
learn what is appropriate first, use verbal warnings for discipline, remove child from dangerous situations
little guidance in play, superego & conscious still developing, active imagination
need exposure to wide variety fo experiences & play, but safely
piaget stage for preschoolers:
pre-operational (2-7y)
pre conceptual: 2-4y - symbolic play, can think of something without it being present
intuitive thought: 4-7y - fantasy play, goes from being egocentric to early recognition of other’s points of view
have ideas ab how objects are formed, but have no concept of conservation or mass
do not understand left from right, or time; thinking is MAGICAL
often appear to understand more conceptually than they actually do bc of their ability to imitate
language of preschoolers:
more than 2100 words by 5y
3-4y: converse in 3-4 word sentences that are brief
4-5y: use adverbs, adjectives, can talk in paragraphs
5y: use all parts of speech, can make classifications; elaborate & tell big stories
share with other children
listen to stories
encourage reading!
types of toys for preschoolers:
dress up, playing house, kitchen sets, tool sets, glitter & glue
age range of preschoolers:
3 to 6Y
biologic growth:
weight:
height:
teeth:
general growth:
weight: 5 lbs/year
height: 2.5-3 inch/year
teeth: no new teeth development
general growth: legs elongate rather than trunk; bone growth not mature, prone to injury from rigorous sports esp w/ older children
fine motor skills for preschoolers:
3y:
4y:
5y:
drawing is used to access _____.
3y: assembles simple puzzles, manipulates clay; finger paints, copies simple shapes like cross & circles; stacks blocks up to nine high
4y: copies crosses & squares, prints some letters, uses table utensils skillfully, cuts on a line, can draw stick figure
5y: hand preference is established, laces shoes (not tie), grasps pencil like an adult, colors within lines, cuts & pastes simple shapes; can draw several body parts
drawing is used to access intelligence, personality development & psychosocial adjustment
stress & coping:
preschoolers have ___ coping ability
separation from parents
super natural beings
ghosts
monsters
noises
“bad ppl”
injury
preschoolers have LIMITED coping ability
sexuality:
“boys shouldn’t, girls shouldn’t”
mimic same sex parent
sex typing occurs at this phase
develops behavior, personality, attitudes, & beliefs appropriate for his/her culture & sex
occurs through imitation & childbearing practices
personal/social development:
needs little assistance with eating, dressing or toileting
more sociable, willing to please
comparing themselves to peer code of conduct
aware of own position in family
silly humor
