Adrenal Glands

Question 1

-where are they found
-each gland consists of what 2 parts

Answer 1

-2 above each kidney
-outer adrenal cortex and inner adrenal medulla

Question 2

Adrenal Cortext
-what steroid hormones does it produce
-responds to what hormone from where
-responds to long/short term stress
-how many types of coticoids, and their names

Answer 2

-produces corticoids
-ACTH from the anterior pituitary
-long term
-3: cortisol, aldosterone, androgens

Question 3

1. Cortisol
   -responds to what stress
   -what does it do and how
   -aids the body in what
   -hypersecretion causes what, symptoms?

Answer 3

-long term
-it increases blood glucose by promoting breakdown of proteins into amino acids, which are abosrbed into the liver to produce glucose which can go back into the blood. it also promotes the breakdown of fats which release glucose
-aids the boddy in recovering from stress while repairing damaged cells
-Hypersecretion causes Cushings disease: weight gain, brusing, hair loss

Question 4

2. Aldosterone (what type of corticoid)
   -when is it released?
   -what does it do and how

Answer 4

-mineral
-when there is low blood pressure/ low Na levels, it increases the reabsorption of Na in the kidneys back into the blood, allowing more water to enter the blood

Question 5

3. Androgens
   -what are they
   -what is its effect masked by

Damaged Adrenal Cortext
-what disease is this
-symptoms (4)

Answer 5

-male and female sex hormones that are made in small amounts by BOTH
-by the hormones from testes and ovaries

-Addisons Disease
-weight loss, weakness, hypoglecemia, sodium and postassium imabalances

Question 6

Adrenal Medulla
-what hormones does it produce, and for long/short term stress. What type of stress does each hormone adress?
-both cause fast/slow reactions, and are stimulated by what?

Answer 6

1. Epinephrine- emotional
2. Norepinephrine- physical

-fast, sympathetic nervous system