Adult Health

Question 0

How to stop nosebleed

Answer 0

Lean slightly forward. Pinch soft part of nose.5 mins then 10 if not stopped.

Question 1

Cholesteatoma definition

Answer 1

Abnormal growth of skin in the middle ear. Form cysts. Can erode bone. Infect brain.

Question 2

Causes of runny ear

Answer 2

Otitis externa
Chronic suppurative otitis media
Cholesteatoma (retraction pocket in pars flaccida)

Question 3

Causes of blocked ear

Answer 3

Ear wax (cerumen)
Otitis media with effusion
Foreign body
Trauma

Question 4

Causes of ear pain/ache

Answer 4

Acute otitis media
Ear furuncle
Referred pain

Question 5

Causes of skew face

Answer 5

Bell’s palsy

Question 6

Causes of ringing ear

Answer 6

Tinnitus

Question 7

When a patient is dizzy due to ear pathology it’s called…

Answer 7

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (often see nystagmus)

Question 8

Tool used to examine nose

Answer 8

Thudecum speculum

Question 9

Causes of blocked nose

Answer 9

Bacteria / viral rhinosinusitis

Nasal polyp

Question 10

Causes of hoarse voice

Answer 10

Acute laryngitis

Vocal nodules

Question 11

Shortsightedness

Answer 11

Myopia

Question 12

Farsightedness

Answer 12

Hypermetropia

Question 13

Aqueous production pathway

Answer 13

Secretion by epithelium of ciliary body into post space.

Ant chamber -> trabecular meshwork -> schlemms canal -> episcleral veins.

Question 14

How far must you stand from snellen chart

Answer 14

6m adults 4m children

Question 15

How to record visual acuity

Answer 15

Distance from chart/number next to last line read

Question 16

If top letter cannot be seen what must be done?

Answer 16

Stand 1 meter closer

Question 17

Blindness is visual acuity of less than

Answer 17

3/60

Question 18

Level of sight to blindness

Answer 18

NPL, PL poor proj, PL good proj, HM, CF 0.5m, 1/60,2/60,3/60

Question 19

If vision is improved with pin hole ..

Answer 19

There is a refractory error.

Question 20

Is visual acuity objective or subjective

Answer 20

Subjective

Question 21

Red confrontation tests..

Answer 21

Visual field

Question 22

How far do you stand in visual field test?

Answer 22

1m

Question 23

Visual field loss due to…

Answer 23

Lesion on visual pathway

END STAGE glaucoma (not early or intermediate)

Question 24

Afferent pupil defect, what is seen on swinging light test and where is lesion?

Answer 24

Both Pupils constrict when light is shone in one eye but don't do so in affected eye. Lesion can be on retina or optic nerve

Question 25

Efferent pupil defect, what is seen on swinging light test and where is lesion?

Answer 25

Pupil on affected side does not constrict when light is shone into either eye. Other pupil constricts when light is shone into either eye. Lesion is on Oculomotor nerve or pupillary sphincter muscle.

Question 26

What is the ocular motility test called

Answer 26

Hirschberg test

Question 27

What sign do you look for when assessing the ant chamber?

Answer 27

Eclipse sign

Question 28

What test would you use to screen for cataracts or retinoblastoma

Answer 28

Red reflex