aerobic (+) bacilli

Question 1

Largest bacteria

Answer 1

Bacillus anthracis

Question 2

Bacillus anthracis is also known as ______

Answer 2

Anthrax bacillus

causative agent of anthrax (infection)

Question 3

B. anthracis size

Answer 3

2-5 um

Question 4

Since B. anthracis is 2-5 um gram (+) bacilli in chain, they have ____

Answer 4

Bamboo square end

Question 5

Is B. anthracis a non-motile bacteria?

Answer 5

Yes

(differentiate from B. cereus)

Question 6

T OR F
B. anthracis is a spore-forming bacteria

Answer 6

True

(only spore-forming organism

Question 7

The location of spores of B. anthracis

Answer 7

central or subterminal

Question 8

Two virulence factor of B. anthracis

Answer 8

Plasmids:
* pXO1
* pXO2

Question 9

What type of Plasmid (virulence factor) is a lethal factor (LF), edema factor (EF) and
protective antigen (PA)?

Answer 9

pXO1

Question 10

What type of Plasmid (virulence factor) is a poly-D-glutamic acid capsule that inhibits phagocytosis (also for capsule development)

Answer 10

pXO2

B. anthracis is an encapsulated bacteria

Question 11

3 infection caused by B. anthracis

Answer 11

1. Malignant pustule (Cutaneous anthrax)
2. Woolsorter’s disease (Rag picker’s disease)
3. Gastroenteritis (GIT)

Question 12

It is a type of Cutaneous anthrax (most common)

Answer 12

Malignant pustule

Infection caused by B. anthracis

Question 13

It has a charcteristic of a Black eschar which a vesicle ruptures, resulting in a necrotic (dead
cells) lesion that continues to grow

Answer 13

Malignant pustule

Question 14

A characteristic malignant pustule

Answer 14

Black eschar

necrotic (dead cells) lesion

Question 15

It is a type of a respiratory infection (located in the sternum) that has a characteristic of infection called mediastinitis

Answer 15

Woolsorter’s disease

Question 16

A characteristic of Woolsorter’s disease infection

Answer 16

Mediastinitis

Question 17

Other term of woolsorter’s disease

Answer 17

Rag picker’s disease

Question 18

B. anthracis infection causing a bloody diarrhea

Answer 18

Gastroenteritis (GIT)

Question 19

Specimen collection if the infection is a cutaneous anthrax

Answer 19

• Vesicular fluids
• Swabs from under the edge of the crust of the eschar (used for fluid absence)

Question 20

Specimen collection if the infection is a GI & Respiratory anthrax

Answer 20

Blood

Question 21

Hemolytic pattern of B. anthracis in BAP

Answer 21

non-hemolytic pattern

Question 22

Appearance of B. anthracis in a BAP culture media

Answer 22

Medusa Heads

has irregular margin

Question 23

What culture medium does B. anthracis appear as medusa head?

Answer 23

BAP

Question 24

B. anthracis appearance in a tube gelatin medium

Answer 24

Inverted pine tree

Question 25

What culture medium does *B. anthracis* appear as inverted pine tree?

Answer 25

tube gelatin medium

Question 26

Selective medium used for *B. anthracis*

Answer 26

PLET

Question 27

What does the acronym PLET means? | selective medium for *B. anthracis*

Answer 27

Polymyxin-lysozyme-EDTA-thallous-acetate

Question 28

Catalase reaction of *B. anthracis*

Answer 28

(+) | differentiates from Clostridium spp. (catalase negative)

Question 29

Serologic precipitation test for *B. anthracis*

Answer 29

Ascoli test

Question 30

Diagnostic of *B. anthracis* in Ascoli test

Answer 30

(+) | (has precipitin ring)

Question 31

Other test used for *B. anthracis*

Answer 31

* String of pearl test (0.05 U of PEN) on BAP * PCR * Fluorescence Ab test * ELISA

Question 32

Penicillin susceptibility test reaction of *B. anthracis*

Answer 32

Susceptible | (10 U Penicillin)

Question 33

It is also known as the "Fried rice bacillus"

Answer 33

*Bacillus cereus*

Question 34

Infection caused by *B. cereus* when consuming contaminated fried rice

Answer 34

Food poisoning

Question 35

Two types of Enterotoxin caused by *B. cereus*

Answer 35

1. Diarrheal 2. Emetic

Question 36

What type of Enterotoxin when foods like meat or poultry, vegetables, and pastas is ingested with *B. cereus*?

Answer 36

Diarrheal

Question 37

What type of Enterotoxin when foods like contaminated fried rice which causes nausea and vomiting is ingested with *B. cereus*?

Answer 37

Emetic

Question 38

Hours it take for it to become diarrheal

Answer 38

8-16 hours

Question 39

Hours it take for it to become emetic

Answer 39

1-5 hours

Question 40

An enterotoxin of *B. cereus* that is indistinguishable from **watery diarrhea** by *Clostridium perfringens*

Answer 40

Diarrheal

Question 41

Infective dose of *B. cereus*

Answer 41

10^5 or (100,000 bacterial cells) *B. cereus * cells/gram of food

Question 42

Virulence factors of *B. cereus*

Answer 42

Exotoxin | (similar to cholera)

Question 43

Hemolytic pattern for *B. cereus*

Answer 43

β-hemolytic

Question 44

β-hemolytic appearance of *B. cereus*

Answer 44

Frosted glass-appearing colony

Question 45

T OR F *B. cereus* is a MOTILE organism

Answer 45

True | peritrichous flagella

Question 46

A *Bacillus* specie that can grow on a 45°C

Answer 46

*B. cereus*

Question 47

Penicillin susceptibility test reaction of *B. cereus* | in a 10 U Penicillin

Answer 47

Resistant

Question 48

Common differential characteristics between B. anthracis and B. cereus are distinguished by their ____ and _____

Answer 48

motility and capsule

Question 49

Spore location of *B. subtilis*

Answer 49

Central

Question 50

It is a common laboratory contaminant, an opportunistic pathogen, source of antibiotics and used for quality control

Answer 50

*Bacilus subtilis*

Question 51

Two types of quality control (QC) used for the detection of *B. subtilis* serotypes

Answer 51

1. Oven 2. ETO gas

Question 52

Biological indicator for oven in quality control

Answer 52

*Bacillus subtilis* var. *niger*

Question 53

Biological indicator for ETO gas in quality control

Answer 53

*Bacillus subtilis* subsp. *globigii*