Aerobic Gram + Bacilli Flashcards
(176 cards)
0
Q
1 laboratory contaminant
A
Bacillus subtilis
1
Q
Clostridium and bacillus differ in
A
Oxygen requirement
2
Q
Sporeforming rod shaped organisms
A
Bacillus
3
Q
Bacillus can be isolated from
A
Soil
4
Q
Bacillus is motile except
A
B.anthracis
And
B.mycoides
5
Q
Why are the empty spaces of bacillus unstained
A
Because the spores cannot be stain by gs
6
Q
Microscopy in bacillus
A
Boxcar shaped gram positive cells
7
Q
Most clinically significant species
A
Bacillus cereus group
8
Q
Produce poison
A
B.anthracis
9
Q
Causative agent of anthrax
A
Anthrax bacillus
10
Q
Percentage of nacl in b.anthracis
A
7%
11
Q
Microscopy of b.anthracis
A
Bamboo fishing rod
12
Q
Culture in bap in b.anthracis
A
Medusa head colonies
Beaten egg white appearance
13
Q
A tissue destructive enzyme
A
Lecithinase
14
Q
Growth factor of b.anthracis
A
Thiamine (B1)
15
Q
Antibiotic used in AST
A
Penicillin
16
Q
What kind of appearnce differentiates anthracis from cereus
A
String of pearl appearance
17
Q
Virulence factors of b.anthracis
A
D-glutamic acid capsule
18
Q
Conc. of penicillin
A
0.05-0.5 U/ml
19
Q
A disease affecting primarily farm animals by feeding on plants contaminated with the spores
A
Anthrax
20
Q
3 types of anthrax
A
Cutaneous anthrax
Pulmonary anthrax
Gastrointestinal anthrax
21
Q
Other term for pulmonary anthrax
A
Woolsorter’s disease
22
Q
This type of anthrax was acquired thru skin cuts qnd abrasions
Characterized by the appearance of black eschar
A
Cutaneous anthrax
23
Q
Acquired when spores are inoculated into a lesion on the intestinal mucosa following ingestion
A
Gastrointestinal anthrax
24
Acquired when spores are inhaled into the pulmonary parenchyma
Pulmonary anthrax
25
Signs and symptoms of gastrointestinal anthrax
```
Abdominal pain
Nausea
Anorexia
Vomiting
Bloody diarrhea
```
26
Signs and symptoms of woolsorter's disease
Mild fever
Fatigue
Malaise
Dyspnea
27
Other term for bacillus cereus
Fried rice bacillus
28
Causes food poisoning due to ingestion of contaminated rice
B.cereus type 1
29
Most commonly encountered bacillus in opportunistic infections
B.cereus
30
Opportunistic infections
```
Eye and ear infections
Endocarditis
Osteomyelitis
Meningitis
Bacteremia
```
31
Culture in b.cereus
Bap
32
What kind of colonies are in b.cereus
Frosted glass colonies
33
Biochemical test in b.cereus
Ferments salicin
| + lecithinase
34
2 types of food poisoning
Diarrheal type
| Emetic type
35
Associated with ingestion of improperly stored fried rice/reheated rice
Emetic type
36
Associated with ingestion of contaminated meat or poultry, amd vegetables
Diarrheal type
37
Incubation period of emetic type
1-6 hrs (short incubation)
38
Incubation period of diarrheal type
8-16 hrs (long incubation)
39
Symptoms in diarrheal type
Abdominal pain
| Watery diarrhea without fever
40
Symptoms in emetic type
Abdominal cramps
| Profuse vomiting
41
Common lab contaminant
Hay bacillus
42
Culture in b.subtilis
Ground glass appearance
43
Biochemical test in b.subtilis
Ferments mannitol
Xylose
Arabinose
44
Specimens for b.subtilis
Malignant pustule
Sputum
Blood
45
It is typically isolated from normally sterile sites such as blood, lung tissue, and csf
B.anthracis
46
Spore stains
Malachite green
| Mc fadyan stain
47
Used to observe the capsule of b.anthracis in blood or csf
India ink
48
This agar is used ro induce the capsule formation of b.anthracis
Bicarbonate agar
49
Medium used to observe the inverted pine tree
Gelatin medium
50
This test Differentiates bacillus from clostridium
Catalase test
51
Assume various shape and arrangement
Pleomorphism
52
This reagent has the ability to turn colonies into black colonies
Potassium tellurite
53
Club shape bacteria
Corynebacterium
54
Cell walls of corynebacteria
Mycobacteria
| Nocardia
55
What is in the cell wall of mycobacteria and nocardia
Mycolic acid
56
Cornyebacterium are glucose and maltose fermenters except
C.urealyticum
| C.pseudodiphtheriticum
57
Other terms for corynebacterium diphtheriae
Diphtheria bacillus
| Kleb loeffler's bacillus
58
They are pleomorphic rods but grow best under aerobic conditions
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
59
Mot of corynebacterium diphtheriae
Contaminated respiratory droplets or direct contact
60
What enriched medium is for chorayni
Cystine
61
Virulence factor of corynebacterium diphtheriae
Diphtheriae toxin
62
What type of toxin is the diphtheria toxin
Exotoxin
63
Only effective control of diphtheria
Immunization
64
An acute, contagious disease characterized by the production of a systemic toxin
Diptheria
65
False membrane lining
Pseudomembranous formation
66
Diptheria toxin is nontoxic until exposed to what amino acid
Trypsin
67
Process where it cleaves the toxin into 2 fragments
Trypsinazation
68
2 forms of diphtheria
Respiratory form
| Cutaneous form
69
Characterized by slow healing ulcers
Cutaneous form
70
Other terms for cutaneous form
Velat sore
| Barcoo rot
71
Characterized by the development of an exudative membrane that covers the tonsils, uvula, palate, and pharyngeal wall
Pharyngitis
72
Often result of cardiac failure
Death
73
Corynebacterium diphtheriae group
Or
CDG
C.diphtheriae
C.ulcerans
C.pseudotuberculosis
74
Appearance of the colonies of the cdg group
Black colonies with brown halo
75
This swab is preferred for collection
Calcium alginate swab
76
Whats the reason of black colonies
Tellurite
77
This agar plate culture of c.diphtheriae identifies gravis biotype
Mcleod agar plate
78
Cystine tellurite is
Whole blood
79
Tinsdale media is
Serum
80
Preferred medium for isolation and identification of corynebacteria
Ctba
| Cystine tellurite blood agar
81
+ result for ctba
Black or brownish colonies after 48 hrs of incubation
82
3 colonial types
Mitis
Intermedius
Gravis
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Most severe colonial type
Gravis
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Smallest colonies
Intermedius
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Daisy head colonies
Gravis
86
Bleach like odor
| Fried egg appearance
Mitis
87
This agar is composed of sheep's blood, bovine serum, cystine, k tellurite, na thiosulfate
Tinsdale agar
88
Poached egg colonies
Pai's slant
| Loeffler serum agar
89
Other term for metachromatic granules
Babes ernst granules
90
Food reserves of c.diphtheriae
Babes ernst granules
91
It is used for identification of bacteria producing the enzyme urease
Christensen urea slant
92
Other bacteria with black colonies on CTBA
Staphylococcus
| Streptococcus
93
+ result of christensen urea slant
Magenta color
94
Test for immunodiffusion test
Elek plate test
95
Medium used for elek plate test
Molten agar
96
Rgt used for elek plate test
Rabbit serum
And
Potassium tellurite
97
+ result in immunodiffusion test
45 mm fine precipitin lines at 45 angle
98
Skin test for c.diptheriae
Schicks test
99
Used to observe the urease production of c.urealyticum
Christensen urea slant
100
Reason of chinese letters
Incomplete fission during multiplication
101
+ gelatin formation
C.ulcerans
102
- gelatin formation
C.pseudotuberculosis
103
Grows well in narrow zone of beta hemolysis
S.agalactiae
104
Associated with shtheria-like sore throat
C.ulcerans
105
Produces a dermonecrotic toxin and diphtheria toxin
C.pseudotuberculosis
106
Biochemical test in c.pseudotuberculosis
+ urease
| - gelatin formation
107
Other term for c.pseudodiptheriticum
Hoffman's bacillus
108
Normal flora of human nasopharynx
C.pseudodiptheriticum
109
False diptheriticum
C.pseudodiphtheriticum
110
No characteristic pleomorphism
C.pseudodiptheriticum
111
One of the causes of uti
C.urealyticum
112
Urinary pathogen
C.urealyticum
113
Biochemical test in c.urealyticum
Rapid urease producer
114
Salt loving
Listeria monocytogenes
115
Characteristic of listeria monocytogenes
Tumbling motility
116
Recovered fro dairy products and processed meats
Listeria monocytogenes
117
Virulence factor of listeria monocytogenes
Listeriolysin O
118
Microscopy: gram + coccobacillus
Listeria monocytogenes
119
Pregnant women should avoid eating
Soft cheeses
120
A serious infection primarily of neonates
Listeriosis
121
Spontaneous abortion
| Stillbirth
Disease in pregnant women
122
Leads to neonatal meningitis
Disease in the newborn
123
Standard temp for motility test
35
124
+ reault for motility test
Tumbling motility
| Umbrella shaped/ inverted xmas tree
125
Medium used in motility test
Sulfide indole motility
126
Agar used for monocytogenes
Mc bride agar
127
How will you know if an organism is a H2S producer
Medium would turn black
128
Basic medium that detects bacteria that can produce H2S
Sim
129
+ camp reaction
Block type hemolysis
130
Means red skin, thread
Erysipelothrix
131
Means red disease
Rhusiopathiae
132
Only species in the genus that cause human disease
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
133
Only catalase negative, gram positive non sporeforming rod that produces h2s
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
134
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae is resistant to
Salting
Picking
Smoking
135
Major reservoir of erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
Domestic swine
136
Gelatin stab culture of erysipelothrix
Pipe cleaner
| Test tube brush
137
3 types of infections
Septicemia
Endocarditis
Erysipeloid
138
Localized infection that resembles streptococcal erysipelas
Erysipeloid
139
2 types of colonies
Large and rough colonies
| Small and smooth colonies
140
- catalase
| + H2S production in tsi medium
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
141
Similar with fungi
Filaments or hyphae
142
Have the ability to degrade amyl alcohol, paraffin and rubber
Aerobic actinomycetes
143
What makes it acid fast
Mycolic acid in the cell wall
144
Reasons why 7 days or more is the growth of nocardia
Wall is hydrophobic
| Moisture cannot enter easily
145
Whats in the cell wall of nocardia
Peptidoglycan
Mesodiaminopimelic acid
Arabinose, galactose
146
Species in nocardia
N.asteroides
N.brasiliensis
N.farcinica
N.nova
147
Common isolate causing infection in nocardia
N.asteroides
148
Responsible for 80-90% of human infections
Nocardia asteroides complex
149
Facultatively intracellular parasites
Nocardia asteroides complex
150
Species in nocardia asteroides complex
N.cyriageorgica
N.brasiliensis
N.otitidis caviarum
151
Major cause of infections
N.asteroides
| N.brasiliensis
152
Common cause of pulmonary disease
N.asteroides
153
Predominant cause of skin infection
N.brasiliensis
154
3 types of skin infections
Actinomycetoma
Lymphocutaneous infection
Pulmonary disease
155
Presence of sulfur granules
Actinomycetoma
156
Staining technique used to observe partially acid fast nocardia
Modified ziehl-neelsen
Or
Kinyoun stain
157
Decolorizer for modified acid fast stain to observe branching filaments
0.5%-1% H2SO4
158
Histopath exam of tissue specimens
Gomori's methenamine-silver
159
Primary culture medium for isolation and storage of fungi
Sabouraud dextrose agar (sda)
160
For cultivation or culturiation
Middlebrook media
161
To observe the morphology of actinomycetes
Tap water agar
162
It resembles klebsiella in bap
Rhodococcus equi
163
Coral-like slimy colonies
Rhodococcus equi
164
Slightly acid fast
| No aerial hyphae
Tsukamurella spp.
165
Not a member of actinomycetes
Arcanobacterium
166
Can cause pharyngitis and endocarditis
Arcanobacterium
167
3 relevant species in arcanobacterium
A.haemolyticum
A.pyogenes
A.bernardiae
168
Large medusa head colonies in bap
Kuhria
169
Primarily saprophytes
Streptomyces
170
Musty basement odor
Streptomyces
171
Species in streptomyces
S.somaliensis
172
Molar tooth appearance
Actinomadura spp.
173
Species in actinomadura spp.
A.madurae
174
Is the etiologic agent of whipple's disease
Tropheryma whippelii
175
Found in middle age men
| Presence of pas staining macrophages
Whipple's disease
