age 20 marker Flashcards
(4 cards)
the first paragragh of the age 20 marker -poverty experienced later inlife
The first area of social life where we see age inequality is wealth and income especially when examining the poverty experienced later in life. . The first piece of evidence that demonstrates this is Poverty in later, Age Uk (2021) where Figures shows that 2.1 million pensioners live in poverty (18%)/ Furthermore Black and Asian pensioners are twice as likely to live in poverty as white British Pensioners, Marxist would argue that wealth inequality for pensioners because older people are seen as incapable and thus benefit the capitalism. Additionally, this is further explored by Philipson. Philipson argues that capitalism views the elderly as a burden on society. The logic of capitalism is incompatible with the needs of the elderly as it based on the exploitation of workers for profit people are valued according to their productivity and disposable as a result older people lose their status Ethnic Minority pensioners are more likely to live in poverty because of institutional racism they experienced this is because the ethnicity pay gap that aids capitalism
the second paragraph of the 20 marker-inequalities faced in later life
Another piece of evidence that suggest that there is age inequality, is looking at the inequalities faced later in life, is Centre for Ageing better - Inequalities in later life: The issue and implications for policy and practice’ (2017) this demonstrates that Older women are more vulnerable to financial difficulties than men, with both their employment history and family circumstances impacting on pension income and ability to save. The report highlights huge disparities in health, financial security, social connections, and housing, with negative impacts for those who are worse off that accumulate as they grow older. Additionally Poorer people later in life are up to 4,2 more likely to have diabetes and up to 15.1 times more likely to have osteoarthritis. Women are more financially insecure than older men. Only 36% of women aged 65-69 years received the full state pension in 2014. eminists argue that older women experience wealth inequality in older age because society is patriarchal …During their working lives women experience this can be seen with the Gender pay gap, this is highlighted in the Fawcett society This year it is 11.3%, up from 10.4% last year. this highlight that there are barriers for women but especially older women this is further emphasised by the Glass ceiling as a result women are less likely to be promoted with in the work this emphasised the additional burden of women outside the workplace this is because women have faced a triple shift that makes there are additional pressure on women this is highlighted by Duncombe and Marsden
third paragraph of the age 20 marker- experience of employment
Another area of social life where we see age inequality is employment especially when looking at the experience of employment is Joseph Rowntree Foundation (2015) where they found that Youngest and oldest workers always have poorest experience of employment. More likely to be in insecure employment, employed part time, on non-standard contracts, less access to training and are more vulnerable to unemployment than those in midlife.Neo-weberian would explain this inequality due to a lack of power. Neo-Weberians such as Baron and Norris argue there is a dual labour market and groups with less status and party are overrepresented in the secondary labour market. This may impact the opportunities for individuals in society this is because young people have less economic power, additionally they have less social power and interconnections as a result this can limit their opportunities
the final paragraph for the age 20 marker-retirement
Another piece of evidence that suggest that there is age inequality, when looking at theb retirement. This can be seen in the Centre for Ageing Better, 2020 , where they Found there were 800,000 people aged 50 - retirement age who were not in work but wanted to be. And that this age group reported lower levels of job satisfaction and 1/3 felt a lack of control at work. Marxists argue that older people can be viewed as part of the reserve army of labour , Older people provide a cheap pool of flexible labour that can be hired and fired necessary Older people may be negatively labelled in the workplace as less capable, efficient and . productive which are the qualities most prized by capitalism. This can lead to them taking on less demanding and rewarding roles which are alienating, leading to a sense of disconnection and dissatisfaction at work
