Age And Sleep Flashcards
(23 cards)
What is the IV and DV?
Quasi involving age and sleep
IV= Age
DV= Sleep score on the PSQI out of 25
How were the variables operationalised?
Quasi involving age and sleep
IV: Age = teens 13-18 , staff 25+
DV: Sleep score on the PSQI out of 25
Possible confounding variables of research
Quasi involving age and sleep
Stress
Physical health
Caffeine intake
Possible extraneous variables of research
Quasi involving age and sleep
Temperature
Noise
Light
Which type of hypothesis did you write and why?
Quasi involving age and sleep
Directional one tailed
Previous research already predicting a difference
Alternative hypothesis
Quasi involving age and sleep
There will be an increase in sleep quality scores on the PSQI in P’s over 25 vs ages 13-18
Null hypothesis
Quasi involving age and sleep
There will be no significant difference in the sleep quality scores on the PSQI in P’s over 25 vs ages 13-18
Which experimental design was used?
Quasi involving age and sleep
Independent groups
Each P does one condition
Can only belong to one age
Who makes up the target population?
Quasi involving age and sleep
Anyone between the ages of 13-adulthood
Who is out sampling frame?
Quasi involving age and sleep
Students & teachers at Notre Dame
What sampling did you use and why?
Quasi involving age and sleep
Opportunity
Easier than systematic as we don’t need a list of all students and staff at ND
Quicker than stratified as don’t need to group everyone into categories
How will you consider privacy in your research?
Quasi involving age and sleep
May invade privacy asking questions on the PSQI
But questionnaires will be destroyed once final score has been calculated
How will you consider confidentiality in your research?
Quasi involving age and sleep
Participants create their own code to identify themselves while also remaining anonymous
E.g. DOB & house number
How will you consider deception in your research?
Quasi involving age and sleep
No deception in this study
Participants will be offered a brief with clear instructions and info before they consent
How will you consider right to withdraw in your research?
Quasi involving age and sleep
Before, during, after
Brief & debrief
How will you consider informed consent in your research?
Quasi involving age and sleep
Head teacher gave consent by proxy on behalf of all under 16s
How will you consider protection from harm in your research?
Quasi involving age and sleep
Psychological harm —> worried about sleep score
Debrief —> direct to sources of help
Any problems in using your method?
Quasi involving age and sleep
Small sample size
All the participants completed the PSQI at the same time
Explain two changes you would make and how they would make a difference
Quasi involving age and sleep
Larger sample = more representative , improve population validity
Reference to sleep charities in debrief -> embarrassed/upset if scored low on PSQI, someone to talk to, more comfortable -> learn how to improve sleep quality
Any problems collecting your sample?
Quasi involving age and sleep
Some unwilling participants, harder to get it representative
Would you change the design? How would this help?
Quasi involving age and sleep
Could’ve matched them on factors that may affect their sleep
E.g. sharing a room
Any issues of validity?
Quasi involving age and sleep
There may have been researcher bias which could have effected the internal reliability.
Step by step procedures
- Amended the PSQI by asking for a code name, also asked for age
- Removed q10 about sleeping partner - inappropriate for young people & staff
- Went into a classroom and asked for 10 students
- Briefed them and read out instructions
- Took them into the library
- Gave them 19 mins to complete the PSQI - same for staff
- Use the P’s answers to give them a score for sleep quality
- Debriefed them
