Agile Project Management Concepts Flashcards
(291 cards)
1
Q
What is the purpose of the Sprint Planning meeting?
A
The purpose of the Sprint Planning meeting is to define what can be delivered in the upcoming Sprint and how that work will be achieved.
2
Q
What is the main goal of Kanban?
A
The main goal of Kanban is to improve workflow efficiency, increase productivity, and reduce waste in a project or process.
3
Q
What is the concept of value-based pricing in Agile?
A
Value-based pricing in Agile is a pricing strategy that determines the price of a product or service based on the perceived value it provides to the customer. It focuses on aligning the price with the value delivered, rather than the cost of production.
4
Q
What is the concept of ‘slack’ in Kanban?
A
In Kanban, ‘slack’ refers to a buffer or extra capacity intentionally built into the workflow to accommodate variations, unexpected events, or changes in demand.
5
Q
What is a Kanban card?
A
A Kanban card is a physical or digital representation of a work item or task on a Kanban board. It contains relevant information about the task.
6
Q
What is the role of a Kanban system analyst?
A
A Kanban system analyst is responsible for analyzing and interpreting Kanban metrics, identifying performance trends, and suggesting improvements for the Kanban process.
7
Q
What is Extreme Programming (XP)?
A
Extreme Programming (XP) is an agile software development framework that aims to produce higher quality software, and higher quality of life for the development team. XP emphasizes flexibility, continuous feedback, communication, and simplicity.
8
Q
How many roles are there in Scrum?
A
There are three roles in Scrum: the Product Owner, the Scrum Master, and the Development Team.
9
Q
What is ‘Root Cause Analysis’ in XP?
A
Root Cause Analysis in XP is a practice to identify and address the root cause of a problem or bug, rather than just fixing the symptoms, to prevent it from recurring.
10
Q
What is a retrospective in Scrum?
A
A retrospective in Scrum is a meeting held at the end of a sprint where the team reflects on their work, identifies what went well and what could be improved, and decides on actions for future sprints.
11
Q
What is the concept of servant leadership in Agile?
A
Servant leadership in Agile is a leadership style that emphasizes serving the needs of the team and enabling their success. It involves supporting, empowering, and removing obstacles for the team to maximize their productivity and satisfaction.
12
Q
What is the Daily Scrum?
A
The Daily Scrum is a daily 15-minute time-boxed event for the Scrum Team to synchronize activities and create a plan for the next 24 hours.
13
Q
What is the concept of work in progress (WIP) limit in Agile?
A
A work in progress (WIP) limit in Agile is the maximum number of tasks, user stories, or features that can be actively worked on or in progress at any given time within a specific stage or process. It helps optimize flow, reduce multitasking, and identify bottlenecks.
14
Q
What is the purpose of setting WIP limits in Kanban?
A
Setting WIP limits helps to identify bottlenecks, balance workloads, prevent overloading, and maintain a smooth workflow.
15
Q
How does ‘Continuous Integration’ reduce integration problems in XP?
A
Continuous Integration in XP helps to reduce integration problems by integrating often (multiple times a day). This enables detection of integration bugs early and makes them easier to fix.
16
Q
What is Velocity in Scrum?
A
Velocity is a measure of the amount of work a Team can tackle during a single Sprint, typically calculated as an average over several iterations.
17
Q
What is the concept of cumulative flow diagram (CFD) in Agile?
A
The cumulative flow diagram (CFD) in Agile is a visual representation that shows the flow of work items across different stages or states over time. It helps identify bottlenecks, visualize progress, and analyze cycle times.
18
Q
What does ‘Coding Standard’ mean in XP?
A
Coding Standard in XP is a set of guidelines and rules used to standardize the coding style, which helps the team understand and navigate the code base, and maintain consistency.
19
Q
What is the meaning of the term ‘Andon’ in Kanban?
A
In Kanban, ‘Andon’ refers to a visual or audible signaling device used to indicate abnormalities, problems, or the need for assistance in the workflow.
20
Q
What is the concept of time-to-market in Agile?
A
Time-to-market in Agile refers to the speed or efficiency with which a product or feature is developed, tested, and delivered to the market. It aims to minimize lead time and maximize the business value derived from the product.
21
Q
What is the concept of ‘continuous delivery’ in Kanban?
A
Continuous delivery in Kanban refers to the practice of delivering completed work items or features to customers as soon as they are ready, without delays or batching.
22
Q
What is ‘Incremental Design’ in XP?
A
Incremental Design in XP refers to designing the system a little bit at a time, throughout the entire project. It’s closely tied to the practice of refactoring.
23
Q
What is the role of the customer in Agile?
A
In Agile, the customer plays an active role in providing feedback, clarifying requirements, and collaborating with the development team throughout the project. Their involvement is essential for ensuring customer satisfaction and delivering value.
24
Q
What is a lead time in Kanban?
A
Lead time in Kanban refers to the total time taken for a work item or task to move from the start to the completion of its workflow.
25
Can changes be made to the Sprint Backlog during a Sprint?
Yes, changes can be made to the Sprint Backlog during a Sprint as long as they align with the Sprint Goal and the Product Owner and the Development Team agree on them.
26
What is the role of a Kanban team member?
A Kanban team member is responsible for actively participating in the Kanban process, collaborating with teammates, and delivering high-quality work.
27
What is the concept of 'customer value' in Kanban?
In Kanban, 'customer value' refers to the significance or benefit that a completed work item or task brings to the end-user or customer.
28
What is the Sprint Retrospective?
The Sprint Retrospective is a meeting held after the Sprint Review, where the Scrum Team inspects itself and creates a plan for improvements to be enacted during the next Sprint.
29
What is the concept of technical debt in Agile?
Technical debt in Agile refers to the additional effort or cost that arises from taking shortcuts or making compromises in the software development process. It represents the consequences of suboptimal design or implementation decisions and may result in decreased efficiency, quality, or maintainability.
30
What is a Kanban system in Lean manufacturing?
A Kanban system in Lean manufacturing is a method of signaling the need for replenishment or production based on actual consumption or demand.
31
What is the concept of burndown rate in Agile?
The burndown rate in Agile is the speed at which work is being completed or burned down during a sprint or project. It is calculated by measuring the progress of completed work over time and helps track the team's performance and predict the project's completion date.
32
What is the role of a project manager in Agile?
In Agile, the role of a project manager is often replaced or transformed into the role of a Scrum Master or Agile Coach. They focus on facilitating the Agile process, removing impediments, and enabling the team's success.
33
What is a Spike in Scrum?
A Spike is a time-boxed period used to research a concept or create a simple prototype. Spikes can either be planned to take place in between Sprints or, for larger teams, a Spike might be acceptable in the middle of a Sprint.
34
Name the four values of the Agile Manifesto.
The four values of the Agile Manifesto are:
individuals and interactions over processes and tools, working software over comprehensive documentation, customer collaboration over contract negotiation, and responding to change over following a plan.
35
What is XP in Agile?
XP (Extreme Programming) is an Agile software development methodology that emphasizes frequent communication, feedback, simplicity, and high-quality code through practices like pair programming, test-driven development, and continuous integration.
36
What is a Kanban replenishment signal?
A Kanban replenishment signal is a trigger or notification that indicates the need to replenish or produce more work items based on predefined criteria or rules.
37
What is 'Shared Code' in XP?
Shared Code in XP means that all code belongs to all developers in the team. Any developer can make changes anywhere in the code base. It goes hand in hand with the practice of Collective Ownership.
38
What is the concept of feature-driven development in Agile?
Feature-driven development in Agile is an iterative and incremental approach that focuses on delivering tangible features or functionality to the customer. It involves a systematic process of feature identification, design, and implementation.
39
What is a cycle time in Kanban?
Cycle time in Kanban refers to the time taken to complete one iteration of a particular task or work item, from start to finish.
40
How does the 'Onsite Customer' practice help in XP?
The 'Onsite Customer' helps to provide quick decisions, reduces misunderstandings, and helps the development team to stay focused on customer needs.
41
What does the term 'Kanban' mean in Japanese?
In Japanese, 'Kanban' means 'visual signal' or 'signboard'.
42
What is the concept of feature slicing in Agile?
Feature slicing in Agile is a technique of breaking down large or complex features into smaller, manageable increments that can be delivered independently and provide value to the customer. It allows for faster feedback and iterative development.
43
What is 'Test-Driven Development' in XP?
Test-Driven Development (TDD) is a programming practice used in XP where developers first write failing tests and then produce code to pass those tests. The aim is to improve code quality and understandability.
44
What is the role of 'Tracker' in XP?
45
What is the purpose of using a Kanban system in education?
Using a Kanban system in education helps manage student assignments, track progress, facilitate teacher-student collaboration, and ensure timely feedback.
46
What is the 'Ten Minute Build' in XP?
The 'Ten Minute Build' in XP encourages a build and testing environment where developers can update their code and see the results of a full system build in ten minutes or less.
47
What is the concept of just-in-time in Agile?
Just-in-time in Agile emphasizes delivering or acquiring necessary items, information, or resources at the exact moment they are needed, to minimize waste and optimize flow. It avoids unnecessary inventory, delays, or overproduction.
48
What is 'Onsite Customer' in XP?
Onsite Customer in XP refers to having a real user available full time in the team, to provide timely decisions on business or user-related questions and to define or clarify requirements.
49
How does 'Refactoring' improve code quality in XP?
Refactoring improves code quality in XP by making the code more understandable, maintainable, and adaptable. It removes code duplication, complexity, and improves its structure.
50
What is the concept of value-driven development in Agile?
Value-driven development in Agile focuses on continuously delivering increments of a product that provide tangible value to the customer. It prioritizes features and functionality based on their perceived value and impact on customer satisfaction or business objectives.
51
What is continuous integration (CI) in XP?
Continuous integration (CI) in XP is the practice of frequently merging code changes from multiple developers into a shared mainline repository. It involves automating the build, testing, and integration process to detect and resolve integration issues early.
52
What is the role of a Kanban board manager?
A Kanban board manager is responsible for maintaining and updating the Kanban board, ensuring that it accurately reflects the current state of work and team priorities.
53
What is a Sprint in Scrum?
A Sprint is a time-boxed iteration of a continuous development cycle, typically lasting between one week and one month.
54
What is the purpose of user stories in Agile?
The purpose of user stories in Agile is to capture and communicate customer requirements or desired functionality in a simple, concise format. They serve as the basis for prioritization, estimation, and iterative development.
55
How is feedback incorporated in XP?
Feedback is incorporated in XP through various practices like Pair Programming, Unit Tests, System Metaphor, and On-site Customer. It's also encouraged through regular code reviews and iterations.
56
Who attends the Daily Scrum?
The Daily Scrum is attended by the Development Team and run by the Scrum Master, though the Product Owner may also attend.
57
What is 'Refactoring' in XP?
Refactoring is the practice in XP of improving the design of existing code without changing its functionality, with the aim of improving system structure, removing redundancy, and making it easier to maintain.
58
What is the concept of self-organization in Agile?
The concept of self-organization in Agile refers to empowering teams to make decisions, collaborate, and organize themselves to accomplish the work. It encourages autonomy, creativity, and collective ownership of the project's success.
59
What does a Scrum Master do if the team can't reach a consensus during the Daily Scrum?
The Scrum Master facilitates the conversation and encourages the team to come to a consensus. If a decision can't be made, the Scrum Master may ask the team to make a decision outside of the meeting so as not to disrupt the flow of work.
60
What is the role of a Kanban system administrator?
A Kanban system administrator is responsible for managing and maintaining the Kanban software or tools used by the team, ensuring its proper functioning.
61
What is a Scrum of Scrums?
A Scrum of Scrums is a meeting that happens when multiple Scrum teams are working together on a project. Representatives from each team meet to discuss their work, focusing especially on areas of overlap and integration.
62
Who developed the Kanban system?
The Kanban system was developed by Taiichi Ohno at Toyota as part of the Toyota Production System (TPS).
63
What are Agile principles?
Agile principles are a set of guidelines that support the Agile Manifesto, emphasizing customer satisfaction, teamwork, collaboration, flexibility, and continuous improvement.
64
What is a sprint backlog in Scrum?
A sprint backlog in Scrum is a subset of the product backlog that contains the items the development team commits to delivering during a sprint.
65
What is a Kanban stand-up meeting?
A Kanban stand-up meeting is a brief daily meeting where team members discuss the progress, challenges, and plans related to the work on the Kanban board.
66
What is the purpose of using a Kanban system in healthcare?
Using a Kanban system in healthcare helps improve patient flow, optimize resource allocation, reduce wait times, and enhance overall operational efficiency.
67
What is 'Small Releases' in XP?
Small Releases in XP is a practice of frequent releases in short development cycles, which increases the stakeholders' level of control.
68
What is the concept of technical debt in Agile?
Technical debt in Agile refers to the implied cost or burden that arises from taking shortcuts or making suboptimal design or implementation decisions during the development process. It represents the additional effort required in the future to fix or improve the code or system.
69
What are the different types of Kanban systems?
The different types of Kanban systems include Personal Kanban, Team Kanban, Portfolio Kanban, and Enterprise Kanban.
70
What is the concept of technical user stories in Agile?
Technical user stories in Agile are user stories that capture technical requirements, improvements, or refactoring tasks necessary to maintain or enhance the technical quality of the software system. They help balance technical debt and functional features.
71
What is a Kanban cadence?
Kanban cadence refers to the rhythm or frequency at which certain events or activities occur in a Kanban system, such as daily stand-ups or backlog refinement sessions.
72
What is the role of a Kanban system auditor?
A Kanban system auditor is responsible for evaluating and assessing the effectiveness and adherence to Kanban principles and practices within an organization.
73
What are the core Scrum values?
The core Scrum values are commitment, courage, focus, openness, and respect.
74
What is a sprint review in Scrum?
A sprint review in Scrum is a meeting held at the end of a sprint where the development team presents the potentially releasable increment of the product to stakeholders and collects feedback.
75
What is a 'Spike' in XP?
A 'Spike' in XP is a technical investigation, a piece of work aimed at answering a question or gathering information, rather than producing shippable product.
76
What is the main responsibility of the Product Owner during a Sprint Review?
The main responsibility of the Product Owner during a Sprint Review is to present the Product Backlog as it stands at the end of the Sprint and discuss what could be done in the next Sprint.
77
What is the concept of empathy in Agile?
Empathy in Agile is the ability to understand and share the feelings, needs, and perspectives of others, including customers, team members, and stakeholders. It promotes effective communication, collaboration, and customer-centricity.
78
What is the concept of iteration in Agile?
An iteration in Agile refers to a fixed time period, typically ranging from one to four weeks, where a subset of features or work is planned, developed, tested, and potentially delivered. Iterations allow for incremental progress and frequent feedback.
79
What is Kanban?
Kanban is a project management methodology that originated in Japan and focuses on visualizing work, limiting work in progress, and optimizing flow.
80
What is 'Energized Work' in XP?
Energized Work in XP encourages team members to work only as many hours as they can be productive and only as many hours as they can sustain. It aims to maintain a healthy work-life balance.
81
What is value stream mapping in lean concepts?
Value stream mapping in lean concepts is a technique used to visually map and analyze the flow of materials, information, and activities required to deliver value to the customer. It helps identify bottlenecks, inefficiencies, and areas for improvement.
82
What is the concept of cross-functional teams in Agile?
Cross-functional teams in Agile are composed of individuals with diverse skills and expertise necessary to deliver a complete product or feature. They promote collaboration, reduce dependencies, and enable end-to-end ownership of the work.
83
What is the concept of test automation in Agile?
Test automation in Agile refers to the use of tools and frameworks to automate the execution of tests, such as unit tests, integration tests, and acceptance tests. It helps improve efficiency, reliability, and speed of the testing process.
84
What is the role of the Development Team in Scrum?
The Development Team is responsible for delivering potentially shippable increments of product at the end of each sprint. They self-organize, collaborate, and determine how to accomplish the work.
85
What is the concept of continuous delivery in Agile?
The concept of continuous delivery in Agile focuses on maintaining a development and delivery process that allows for frequent and reliable releases of valuable software. It aims to minimize lead time, reduce risks, and enhance customer feedback.
86
What are the three phases of the 'Planning Game' in XP?
The three phases of the 'Planning Game' in XP are: Exploration, Commitment and Steering.
87
What is the concept of daily stand-up in Agile?
The daily stand-up in Agile is a short, time-boxed meeting where the team gathers to synchronize their activities, discuss progress, and identify any obstacles or issues that need to be addressed. It promotes communication, collaboration, and alignment within the team.
88
What is a daily stand-up meeting in Scrum?
A daily stand-up meeting in Scrum is a short meeting where the development team synchronizes their activities, discusses progress, and identifies any obstacles or issues that need to be addressed.
89
What is the concept of capacity planning in Agile?
Capacity planning in Agile involves assessing and allocating the team's available resources, skills, and time to ensure that the planned work can be completed within the iteration or release. It helps in managing workload and avoiding overcommitment.
90
Who has the final say on the order of the Product Backlog?
The Product Owner has the final say on the order of the Product Backlog.
91
What is the Kanban maturity model?
The Kanban maturity model is a framework that defines different levels of Kanban implementation maturity, providing guidance on how to evolve and improve Kanban practices over time.
92
How does XP approach handling changes to requirements during the project?
XP embraces changes to requirements, even late in the project. It uses the practices of Small Releases and Iteration Planning to incorporate changes in a controlled manner.
93
What is the concept of product vision in Agile?
A product vision in Agile is a clear and inspiring description of the desired future state or purpose of the product. It provides guidance, alignment, and motivation for the development team and stakeholders throughout the project.
94
What is the purpose of using a Kanban system in research and development?
Using a Kanban system in research and development helps manage project tasks, track experiments, promote collaboration, and enhance innovation.
95
How often does a Scrum of Scrums occur?
A Scrum of Scrums can occur daily, or as often as the teams find it useful. The frequency depends on the needs of the project and the teams involved.
96
Who attends the Daily Scrum?
The Daily Scrum is attended by the Development Team and run by the Scrum Master, though the Product Owner may also attend.
97
What is the concept of continuous delivery in Agile?
The concept of continuous delivery in Agile focuses on maintaining a development and delivery process that allows for frequent and reliable releases of valuable software. It aims to minimize lead time, reduce risks, and enhance customer feedback.
98
How is a 'User Story' different from a traditional requirement specification?
A 'User Story' is less formal than a traditional requirement specification and contains less detail. It is a brief description of functionality as seen by the user, used to facilitate conversation about the requirement.
99
What is an Increment in Scrum?
An Increment is the sum of all the Product Backlog items completed during a Sprint and all previous Sprints, which is always in a useable condition.
100
What is 'Metaphor' in XP?
Metaphor in XP is a simple, shared story of how the system works. It's used to guide the creation of specific software solution and to facilitate communication.
101
What is the purpose of using visual indicators in Kanban?
Visual indicators, such as colored cards or markers, are used in Kanban to provide quick and easy-to-understand signals about the status, priority, or type of work items.
102
What is a Product Owner in a Scrum project?
A Product Owner is responsible for maximizing the value of the product, managing the product backlog, and ensuring that the team is working on the most valuable features.
103
What is the Agile Manifesto?
The Agile Manifesto is a set of guiding principles that prioritize individuals and interactions, working software, customer collaboration, and responding to change in software development.
104
What is a sprint review in Scrum?
105
How does Test-Driven Development (TDD) contribute to the quality of software in XP?
TDD contributes to software quality by ensuring that all code is tested and works correctly, by facilitating the design of modular, decoupled code, and by reducing the number of bugs in the finished product.
106
What is value stream mapping in lean concepts?
Value stream mapping in lean concepts is a technique used to visually map and analyze the flow of materials, information, and activities required to deliver value to the customer. It helps identify bottlenecks, inefficiencies, and areas for improvement.
107
What is the Kanban maturity model?
The Kanban maturity model is a framework that defines different levels of Kanban implementation maturity, providing guidance on how to evolve and improve Kanban practices over time.
108
What is the purpose of the Agile Manifesto?
The purpose of the Agile Manifesto is to promote a more flexible and iterative approach to software development, focusing on customer satisfaction, teamwork, and the ability to adapt to change.
109
What is the concept of 'flow efficiency' in Kanban?
Flow efficiency in Kanban refers to the ratio of value-added time to total lead time, indicating how effectively work items flow through the entire workflow.
110
What is the purpose of a product increment in Agile?
The purpose of a product increment in Agile is to deliver a tangible, working version of the product that provides value to the customer. Each increment builds upon the previous ones, adding new features or improvements.
111
What is the concept of daily stand-up in Agile?
The daily stand-up in Agile is a short, time-boxed meeting where the team gathers to synchronize their activities, discuss progress, and identify any obstacles or issues that need to be addressed. It promotes communication, collaboration, and alignment within the team.
112
What is a sprint in Scrum?
A sprint in Scrum is a time-boxed iteration, usually lasting between one to four weeks, where the development team works to deliver a potentially releasable increment of the product.
113
What is a lead time in Kanban?
Lead time in Kanban refers to the total time taken for a work item or task to move from the start to the completion of its workflow.
114
What is a 'Spike' in XP?
A 'Spike' in XP is a technical investigation, a piece of work aimed at answering a question or gathering information, rather than producing shippable product.
115
What is the concept of cross-functional teams in Agile?
Cross-functional teams in Agile are composed of individuals with diverse skills and expertise necessary to deliver a complete product or feature. They promote collaboration, reduce dependencies, and enable end-to-end ownership of the work.
116
What is the purpose of user stories in Agile?
The purpose of user stories in Agile is to capture and communicate customer requirements or desired functionality in a simple, concise format. They serve as the basis for prioritization, estimation, and iterative development.
117
What is the purpose of using explicit policies in Kanban?
Explicit policies in Kanban help teams establish clear guidelines, rules, and criteria for moving work items through different stages of the workflow.
118
What is the purpose of using explicit policies in Kanban?
Explicit policies in Kanban help teams establish clear guidelines, rules, and criteria for moving work items through different stages of the workflow.
119
What is the role of the Scrum Master in Scrum?
The Scrum Master is responsible for ensuring that Scrum is understood and implemented correctly, removing any impediments that may hinder the team's progress, and facilitating the Scrum events.
120
What are Agile principles?
Agile principles are a set of guidelines that support the Agile Manifesto, emphasizing customer satisfaction, teamwork, collaboration, flexibility, and continuous improvement.
121
What is a sprint backlog in Scrum?
A sprint backlog in Scrum is a subset of the product backlog that contains the items the development team commits to delivering during a sprint.
122
What is the Scrum framework?
The Scrum framework is an Agile methodology that provides a flexible and iterative approach to project management, emphasizing collaboration, frequent inspection, and adaptation to deliver high-quality products.
123
What is a Sprint Zero?
Sprint Zero is a pre-Sprint planning phase where tasks like setting up the development environment, preparing the backlog, architectural design, and other necessary setups are done.
124
What is the concept of continuous deployment in Agile?
Continuous deployment in Agile is a practice where code changes are automatically deployed to production environments as soon as they pass all the required tests and checks. It enables fast and frequent releases, reducing time to market and allowing for rapid feedback.
125
What is the concept of technical debt in Agile?
Technical debt in Agile refers to the additional effort or cost that arises from taking shortcuts or making compromises in the software development process. It represents the consequences of suboptimal design or implementation decisions and may result in decreased efficiency, quality, or maintainability.
126
What is the purpose of using visual indicators in Kanban?
Visual indicators, such as colored cards or markers, are used in Kanban to provide quick and easy-to-understand signals about the status, priority, or type of work items.
127
What is the main goal of Kanban?
The main goal of Kanban is to improve workflow efficiency, increase productivity, and reduce waste in a project or process.
128
What is the concept of self-organizing teams in Agile?
Self-organizing teams in Agile are empowered to make decisions, collaborate, and manage their work without constant supervision or micromanagement. They take ownership of their goals, processes, and continuous improvement.
129
What is the concept of 'cumulative flow' in Kanban?
Cumulative flow in Kanban refers to the graphical representation of the number of work items or tasks in each stage of the workflow over time.
130
What are Agile principles?
Agile principles are a set of guidelines that support the Agile Manifesto, emphasizing customer satisfaction, teamwork, collaboration, flexibility, and continuous improvement.
131
What is the concept of feedback-driven development in Agile?
Feedback-driven development in Agile emphasizes the importance of gathering feedback from customers, stakeholders, and end users throughout the development process. It helps validate assumptions, identify issues, and make informed decisions for iterative improvement.
132
What does 'Informative Workspace' mean in XP?
Informative Workspace in XP refers to the practice of organizing the workspace in a way that the team's progress is visible to everyone, using charts, diagrams, storyboards, etc.
133
What does empirical process control mean in Scrum?
Empirical process control in Scrum means that decisions are made based on observation and experimentation rather than detailed upfront planning. The three pillars of empirical process control are transparency, inspection, and adaptation.
134
What is 'Pair Programming' in XP?
Pair Programming is a practice in XP where two programmers work together at one workstation. One, the driver, writes the code while the other, the observer or navigator, reviews each line of code as it is typed in. They switch roles frequently.
135
What is the concept of transparency in Agile?
Transparency in Agile refers to the practice of making all relevant information, including progress, issues, and decisions, visible and accessible to the team and stakeholders. It promotes trust, collaboration, and informed decision-making.
136
What is the role of the Scrum Master?
The Scrum Master is responsible for ensuring that the team follows the Scrum process, removing impediments to the team's progress, and acting as a buffer between the team and outside distractions.
137
What is 'Do The Simplest Thing That Could Possibly Work' principle in XP?
The 'Do The Simplest Thing That Could Possibly Work' principle in XP encourages developers to start with the simplest solution and refactor the system as it grows, rather than overcomplicating with anticipated future requirements.
138
What is Kanban?
Kanban is an Agile methodology that focuses on visualizing work, limiting work in progress, and optimizing flow to improve efficiency and delivery times.
139
What is velocity in Agile?
Velocity in Agile is a measure of the amount of work a development team can accomplish during a sprint or iteration. It is typically expressed as the number of user story points or other relevant units of work completed within a given time.
140
What is the purpose of using a Kanban system in customer support?
Using a Kanban system in customer support helps track and manage customer requests, prioritize tasks, and ensure timely resolution of issues.
141
What is the role of a project manager in Agile?
In Agile, the role of a project manager is often replaced or transformed into the role of a Scrum Master or Agile Coach. They focus on facilitating the Agile process, removing impediments, and enabling the team's success.
142
What is 'Continuous Learning' in XP?
Continuous Learning in XP is about creating a culture where team members are encouraged to learn new technologies, techniques, and skills, to improve team performance and personal development.
143
What does 'Informative Workspace' mean in XP?
Informative Workspace in XP refers to the practice of organizing the workspace in a way that the team's progress is visible to everyone, using charts, diagrams, storyboards, etc.
144
What is the WIP limit in Kanban?
The WIP (Work in Progress) limit in Kanban refers to the maximum number of work items or tasks that can be in progress at any given time within a specific stage of the workflow. It helps prevent overloading and promotes flow efficiency.
145
What is a User Story in Scrum?
A User Story is a brief, simple requirement from the perspective of an end user, which includes a type of user, what they want and why.
146
What is a Sprint Zero?
Sprint Zero is a pre-Sprint planning phase where tasks like setting up the development environment, preparing the backlog, architectural design, and other necessary setups are done.
147
What is the concept of value-based prioritization in Agile?
Value-based prioritization in Agile involves assessing and ranking the items in the product backlog based on their perceived value to the customer or business. It ensures that the highest-value items are given priority in the development process.
148
What is a cumulative flow diagram (CFD) in Kanban?
A cumulative flow diagram (CFD) is a graphical representation of work items' flow through different stages over time on a Kanban board.
149
What does 'Coding Standard' mean in XP?
Coding Standard in XP is a set of guidelines and rules used to standardize the coding style, which helps the team understand and navigate the code base, and maintain consistency.
150
What is the concept of backlog grooming in Agile?
Backlog grooming in Agile refers to the ongoing activity of reviewing, refining, and prioritizing items in the product backlog. It ensures that the backlog remains relevant, well-defined, and ready for implementation in future sprints.
151
What does 'Whole Team' mean in XP?
Whole Team in XP refers to the practice of having all people needed to complete a software project (developers, testers, business analysts, etc.) working together in a dedicated project room.
152
What are the three main roles in Scrum?
The three main roles in Scrum are the Product Owner, the Scrum Master, and the Development Team.
153
What is 'Sustainable Pace' in XP?
Sustainable Pace in XP refers to a pace of work that can be maintained indefinitely without burning out the development team.
154
What is the concept of acceptance criteria in Agile?
Acceptance criteria in Agile are specific conditions or requirements that must be met for a user story or feature to be considered complete and accepted by the product owner or customer. They provide clear guidelines for successful implementation and validation.
155
What does Time-boxed mean in Scrum?
Time-boxed means that every event in Scrum has a maximum duration, providing a constraint designed to encourage efficiency.
156
What is the purpose of setting WIP limits in Kanban?
Setting WIP limits helps to identify bottlenecks, balance workloads, prevent overloading, and maintain a smooth workflow.
157
What is the concept of just-in-time in Agile?
Just-in-time in Agile emphasizes delivering or acquiring necessary items, information, or resources at the exact moment they are needed, to minimize waste and optimize flow. It avoids unnecessary inventory, delays, or overproduction.
158
What is the concept of continuous delivery in Agile?
The concept of continuous delivery in Agile focuses on maintaining a development and delivery process that allows for frequent and reliable releases of valuable software. It aims to minimize lead time, reduce risks, and enhance customer feedback.
159
What is a Kanban stand-up meeting?
A Kanban stand-up meeting is a brief daily meeting where team members discuss the progress, challenges, and plans related to the work on the Kanban board.
160
What is the Sprint Retrospective?
The Sprint Retrospective is a meeting held after the Sprint Review, where the Scrum Team inspects itself and creates a plan for improvements to be enacted during the next Sprint.
161
What is the purpose of using a Kanban pull system?
The purpose of using a Kanban pull system is to ensure that work is pulled into a process only when there is actual demand, minimizing waste and overproduction.
162
What is the purpose of using explicit policies in Kanban?
Explicit policies in Kanban help teams establish clear guidelines, rules, and criteria for moving work items through different stages of the workflow.
163
What are Scrum Artifacts?
Scrum Artifacts are specific key documents used in Scrum to provide a simple and clear picture of what the team is working on. They include Product Backlog, Sprint Backlog, and Product Increment.
164
What is the purpose of a product increment in Agile?
The purpose of a product increment in Agile is to deliver a tangible, working version of the product that provides value to the customer. Each increment builds upon the previous ones, adding new features or improvements.
165
What does empirical process control mean in Scrum?
Empirical process control in Scrum means that decisions are made based on observation and experimentation rather than detailed upfront planning. The three pillars of empirical process control are transparency, inspection, and adaptation.
166
What is 'Incremental Deployment' in XP?
Incremental Deployment in XP is the practice of deploying the system in small, incremental updates. It allows feedback to be gathered continuously and reduces the risk of each deployment.
167
What is the concept of continuous learning in Agile?
Continuous learning in Agile emphasizes the importance of acquiring new knowledge, skills, and insights through experimentation, feedback, and reflection. It promotes a culture of improvement and adaptability within the team.
168
What is the role of 'Iteration Manager' in XP?
The 'Iteration Manager' in XP is a role responsible for the smooth operation of the development team, removing obstacles, facilitating meetings, and ensuring the team has everything it needs to complete the iteration.
169
What is the purpose of using a Kanban system in Agile software development?
Using a Kanban system in Agile software development helps manage work in a flexible and adaptive manner, promoting continuous delivery, collaboration, and customer value.
170
What is continuous improvement in lean concepts?
Continuous improvement in lean concepts, also known as Kaizen, is the ongoing effort to identify and implement small, incremental changes to processes, products, or services in order to achieve better quality, efficiency, and customer satisfaction.
171
What are lean concepts in Agile?
Lean concepts in Agile are principles and practices derived from lean manufacturing, focusing on eliminating waste, optimizing value delivery, and continuously improving processes.
172
What is a 'cross-functional' team in Scrum?
A cross-functional team in Scrum is a team composed of individuals with different expertise and specializations, enabling the team to operate independently and deliver increments without relying on people outside the team.
173
What is a retrospective in XP?
A retrospective in XP is a meeting held at the end of an iteration where the team reflects on their work, identifies areas of improvement, and defines actions to address those improvements in the next iteration.
174
What is a Sprint Backlog?
The Sprint Backlog is the set of Product Backlog items selected for the Sprint, along with a plan for delivering them.
175
What is the concept of feature prioritization in Agile?
Feature prioritization in Agile involves assessing and ranking the importance, value, and feasibility of different features or user stories in order to determine their order of implementation. It helps optimize the use of resources and deliver the highest value early.
176
How is feedback incorporated in XP?
Feedback is incorporated in XP through various practices like Pair Programming, Unit Tests, System Metaphor, and On-site Customer. It's also encouraged through regular code reviews and iterations.
177
What are the different types of Kanban systems?
The different types of Kanban systems include Personal Kanban, Team Kanban, Portfolio Kanban, and Enterprise Kanban.
178
Who has the final say on the order of the Product Backlog?
The Product Owner has the final say on the order of the Product Backlog.
179
How does XP approach handling changes to requirements during the project?
XP embraces changes to requirements, even late in the project. It uses the practices of Small Releases and Iteration Planning to incorporate changes in a controlled manner.
180
What is the main difference between a Scrum Master and a Product Owner?
The Scrum Master is primarily concerned with the health of the Scrum team and their adherence to the Scrum framework, while the Product Owner is primarily concerned with the product, its features, and the value they deliver.
181
What is the concept of 'swimlanes' in Kanban?
Swimlanes in Kanban are horizontal divisions or categories on a Kanban board that represent different types of work, teams, or priority levels.
182
What is a Kanban card?
A Kanban card is a physical or virtual representation of a work item on a Kanban board. It contains information about the task or item, such as its title, description, assignee, and due date
183
What is the purpose of using a Kanban system in customer support?
Using a Kanban system in customer support helps track and manage customer requests, prioritize tasks, and ensure timely resolution of issues.
184
What is a Sprint in Scrum?
A Sprint is a time-boxed iteration of a continuous development cycle, typically lasting between one week and one month.
185
What is the concept of story mapping in Agile?
Story mapping in Agile is a technique used to visually organize and prioritize user stories, typically in a hierarchical structure. It helps the team gain a shared understanding of the product, define a release strategy, and plan iterative development.
186
What is the concept of refactoring in Agile?
Refactoring in Agile refers to the process of improving the internal structure, design, or code of a software system without changing its external behavior. It helps enhance maintainability, code quality, and adaptability to changing requirements.
187
What is the difference between a physical Kanban board and a digital Kanban board?
A physical Kanban board is a tangible board with physical cards, while a digital Kanban board is a virtual representation of the board displayed on a computer or electronic device.
188
What is the concept of 'cumulative flow' in Kanban?
Cumulative flow in Kanban refers to the graphical representation of the number of work items or tasks in each stage of the workflow over time.
189
What is the concept of velocity-driven planning in Agile?
Velocity-driven planning in Agile involves using the team's historical velocity (the amount of work completed in previous iterations) to plan and forecast the amount of work that can be accomplished in future iterations or releases.
190
Who attends the Daily Scrum?
The Daily Scrum is attended by the Development Team and run by the Scrum Master, though the Product Owner may also attend.
191
What is the Sprint Review?
The Sprint Review is an informal meeting held at the end of the Sprint to inspect the Increment and adapt the Product Backlog if needed.
192
What is the purpose of using a Kanban system in maintenance and repair operations?
Using a Kanban system in maintenance and repair operations helps manage equipment or parts inventory, plan maintenance tasks, and minimize downtime.
193
What are the five basic principles of XP?
The five basic principles of XP are: Simplicity, Communication, Feedback, Respect, and Courage.
194
What is the role of documentation in Agile?
In Agile, documentation is valued, but the emphasis is placed on delivering working software. Documentation is typically kept lightweight, just enough to support collaboration, knowledge sharing, and regulatory requirements.
195
What is the concept of burndown chart in Agile?
A burndown chart in Agile is a graphical representation of the remaining work (usually measured in story points) versus time. It helps the team track progress, identify trends, and forecast the likelihood of completing the work within the allocated time.
196
What is the purpose of using a Kanban system in personal productivity?
Using a Kanban system in personal productivity helps individuals visualize their tasks, prioritize activities, and maintain a balanced workflow.
197
What is the concept of continuous feedback in Agile?
Continuous feedback in Agile involves establishing a regular feedback loop with stakeholders, customers, and team members throughout the project. It helps validate assumptions, identify areas for improvement, and ensure alignment with expectations.
198
What is the concept of backlog refinement in Agile?
Backlog refinement in Agile is an ongoing activity where the team collaboratively reviews and refines the product backlog. It involves clarifying requirements, estimating effort, prioritizing items, and ensuring that the backlog is well-prepared for future iterations or releases
199
What is the concept of feedback-driven development in Agile?
Feedback-driven development in Agile emphasizes the importance of gathering feedback from customers, stakeholders, and end users throughout the development process. It helps validate assumptions, identify issues, and make informed decisions for iterative improvement.
200
What is a cycle time in Kanban?
Cycle time in Kanban refers to the time taken to complete one iteration of a particular task or work item, from start to finish.
201
What is a retrospective in Scrum?
A retrospective in Scrum is a meeting held at the end of a sprint where the team reflects on their work, identifies what went well and what could be improved, and decides on actions for future sprints.
202
What is the difference between Kanban and Scrum?
Kanban and Scrum are both Agile methodologies, but Kanban is more flexible and focuses on continuous flow, while Scrum is time-boxed and emphasizes iterative development.
203
What is the concept of 'flow efficiency' in Kanban?
Flow efficiency in Kanban refers to the ratio of value-added time to total lead time, indicating how effectively work items flow through the entire workflow.
204
What is the purpose of the Sprint Planning meeting?
The purpose of the Sprint Planning meeting is to define what can be delivered in the upcoming Sprint and how that work will be achieved.
205
What is the concept of test automation in Agile?
Test automation in Agile refers to the use of tools and frameworks to automate the execution of tests, such as unit tests, integration tests, and acceptance tests. It helps improve efficiency, reliability, and speed of the testing process.
206
What is the concept of burndown rate in Agile?
The burndown rate in Agile is the speed at which work is being completed or burned down during a sprint or project. It is calculated by measuring the progress of completed work over time and helps track the team's performance and predict the project's completion date.
207
What are the three pillars of Scrum?
The three pillars of Scrum are transparency, inspection, and adaptation.
208
What is the concept of transparency in Agile?
Transparency in Agile refers to the practice of making all relevant information, including progress, issues, and decisions, visible and accessible to the team and stakeholders. It promotes trust, collaboration, and informed decision-making.
209
What is the concept of emergent architecture in Agile?
Emergent architecture in Agile emphasizes allowing the design and structure of a system or software to evolve gradually over time based on emerging requirements, feedback, and changing needs. It promotes flexibility, adaptability, and incremental development.
210
What is the concept of 'customer value' in Kanban?
In Kanban, 'customer value' refers to the significance or benefit that a completed work item or task brings to the end-user or customer.
211
How is a 'User Story' different from a traditional requirement specification?
A 'User Story' is less formal than a traditional requirement specification and contains less detail. It is a brief description of functionality as seen by the user, used to facilitate conversation about the requirement.
212
What is a Kanban cadence?
Kanban cadence refers to the rhythm or frequency at which certain events or activities occur in a Kanban system, such as daily stand-ups or backlog refinement sessions.
213
What is the '40-hour week' in XP?
The '40-hour week' in XP is a guideline that suggests team members should not be made to work more than 40 hours a week. This is part of the 'Sustainable Pace' practice.
214
What is Refinement in Scrum?
Refinement, or Product Backlog Refinement, is the act of breaking down and further defining Product Backlog items into smaller, more manageable pieces.
215
What is the concept of minimum viable product (MVP) in Agile?
The concept of minimum viable product (MVP) in Agile refers to a version of a product that contains the minimum features required to meet the initial needs of the target customers. It allows for early feedback, validation, and iterative development.
216
How does 'Continuous Integration' reduce integration problems in XP?
Continuous Integration in XP helps to reduce integration problems by integrating often (multiple times a day). This enables detection of integration bugs early and makes them easier to fix.
217
What is the concept of risk management in Agile?
Risk management in Agile involves identifying, assessing, and mitigating potential risks or uncertainties that may impact the success of the project. It promotes early detection, proactive planning, and adaptability to minimize negative impacts.
218
What is the concept of sprint goal in Agile?
A sprint goal in Agile is a short and concise statement that defines the objective or desired outcome for a sprint. It provides focus, alignment, and a shared understanding of what the team aims to achieve within the iteration.
219
Name the four values of the Agile Manifesto.
The four values of the Agile Manifesto are individuals and interactions over processes and tools, working software over comprehensive documentation, customer collaboration over contract negotiation, and responding to change over following a plan.
220
How does Test-Driven Development (TDD) contribute to the quality of software in XP?
TDD contributes to software quality by ensuring that all code is tested and works correctly, by facilitating the design of modular, decoupled code, and by reducing the number of bugs in the finished product.
221
What is the role of a Kanban Coach?
A Kanban Coach provides guidance, support, and training to teams and organizations adopting the Kanban methodology, helping them improve their implementation and outcomes.
222
What is 'Simple Design' in XP?
Simple Design in XP emphasizes creating the simplest possible code for the system that supports the current functionality.
223
What is the role of the Development Team in Scrum?
The Development Team is responsible for delivering potentially shippable increments of product at the end of each sprint. They self-organize, collaborate, and determine how to accomplish the work.
224
What is a release burndown chart in Scrum?
A release burndown chart is a graphical representation that shows the progress of a Scrum team towards a release of a product. It displays how much work remains to be done versus time.
225
What is the role of a Kanban team member?
A Kanban team member is responsible for actively participating in the Kanban process, collaborating with teammates, and delivering high-quality work.
226
What is the Definition of Done?
The Definition of Done is a shared understanding among the Scrum Team about what it means for work to be complete.
227
What is the purpose of using a Kanban system in supply chain management?
Using a Kanban system in supply chain management helps streamline inventory control, reduce lead times, and enable just-in-time delivery of goods or materials.
228
What is the purpose of using visual indicators in Kanban?
Visual indicators, such as colored cards or markers, are used in Kanban to provide quick and easy-to-understand signals about the status, priority, or type of work items.
229
What is the role of a Kanban system auditor?
A Kanban system auditor is responsible for evaluating and assessing the effectiveness and adherence to Kanban principles and practices within an organization.
230
What is the concept of value stream in Agile?
231
What is the concept of emergent requirements in Agile?
Emergent requirements in Agile are new or evolving requirements that emerge as the project progresses, based on feedback, changing market conditions, or evolving customer needs. Agile methodologies are designed to accommodate and adapt to these emerging requirements.
232
What is the concept of sprint backlog refinement in Agile?
Sprint backlog refinement in Agile is an ongoing activity where the team reviews and updates the items in the sprint backlog, clarifies requirements, estimates effort, and ensures that the backlog items are well-defined and ready for implementation.
233
What is 'Energized Work' in XP?
Energized Work in XP encourages team members to work only as many hours as they can be productive and only as many hours as they can sustain. It aims to maintain a healthy work-life balance.
234
What is the concept of cost of delay in Agile?
Cost of delay in Agile refers to the potential economic impact or loss resulting from the delay in delivering a feature or product to the market. It helps in prioritizing work based on the value at risk and the urgency of delivery.
235
What is a Kanban system in Lean manufacturing?
A Kanban system in Lean manufacturing is a method of signaling the need for replenishment or production based on actual consumption or demand.
236
What is the purpose of using a Kanban system in sales and marketing?
Using a Kanban system in sales and marketing helps manage leads, track customer interactions, prioritize opportunities, and improve the overall sales process.
237
What is the purpose of using a Kanban system in project management?
Using a Kanban system in project management helps visualize project tasks, track progress, identify bottlenecks, and optimize the flow of work.
238
What is the concept of shippable product increment in Agile?
A shippable product increment in Agile refers to a potentially releasable version of the product that has met the necessary quality standards and can be delivered to customers or stakeholders. It provides tangible value and promotes continuous delivery.
239
What is a sprint review in Scrum?
A sprint review in Scrum is a meeting held at the end of a sprint where the development team presents the potentially releasable increment of the product to stakeholders and collects feedback.
240
Who are the founders of Extreme Programming?
Extreme Programming (XP) was developed by Kent Beck, Ward Cunningham, and Ron Jeffries.
241
What is the concept of 'slack' in Kanban?
In Kanban, 'slack' refers to a buffer or extra capacity intentionally built into the workflow to accommodate variations, unexpected events, or changes in demand.
242
What is Scrum?
Scrum is an agile framework for managing complex projects, initially designed for software development but now used in many other fields.
243
What is a sprint in Scrum?
A sprint in Scrum is a time-boxed iteration, usually lasting between one to four weeks, where the development team works to deliver a potentially releasable increment of the product.
244
What is the concept of product vision in Agile?
A product vision in Agile is a clear and inspiring description of the desired future state or purpose of the product. It provides guidance, alignment, and motivation for the development team and stakeholders throughout the project.
245
What is velocity in Agile?
Velocity in Agile is a measure of the amount of work a development team can accomplish during a sprint or iteration. It is typically expressed as the number of user story points or other relevant units of work completed within a given time.
246
What is the Daily Scrum?
The Daily Scrum is a daily 15-minute time-boxed event for the Scrum Team to synchronize activities and create a plan for the next 24 hours.
247
What is 'Customer Tests' in XP?
Customer Tests in XP are created by or with the customer to verify that system functions as expected. These are acceptance tests that define what the customer wants.
248
What is 'Story Card' in XP?
A 'Story Card' in XP is a written text describing some work that needs to be done. It's the primary artifact used for planning and tracking progress in XP.
249
What is the purpose of user stories in Agile?
The purpose of user stories in Agile is to capture and communicate customer requirements or desired functionality in a simple, concise format. They serve as the basis for prioritization, estimation, and iterative development.
250
What is 'Daily Standup' in XP?
Daily Standup in XP is a short daily meeting where team members sync up on what they did yesterday, what they plan to do today, and discuss any blockers.
251
What is the concept of continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD) in Agile?
Continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD) in Agile is a practice that involves automatically integrating and testing code changes frequently, and delivering the software in a rapid and reliable manner. It aims to ensure high-quality software and fast feedback cycles.
252
How often does a Scrum of Scrums occur?
A Scrum of Scrums can occur daily, or as often as the teams find it useful. The frequency depends on the needs of the project and the teams involved.
253
What is the concept of affinity estimation in Agile?
Affinity estimation in Agile is a technique used to group user stories or backlog items into clusters or categories based on their relative size or complexity. It helps in providing rough estimations and prioritization based on relative effort.
254
What is a Burndown Chart?
A Burndown Chart shows the remaining work in the Sprint Backlog, providing a simple way to visualize progress during a Sprint.
255
What is the role of a Kanban System Designer?
A Kanban System Designer is responsible for designing and implementing a Kanban system tailored to the specific needs and context of an organization.
256
What is 'Small Releases' in XP?
Small Releases in XP is a practice of frequent releases in short development cycles, which increases the stakeholders' level of control.
257
What is the Product Backlog?
The Product Backlog is a prioritized list of all potential features, functions, requirements, enhancements, and fixes for a product.
258
What is the purpose of a retrospective in Agile?
The purpose of a retrospective in Agile is to reflect on the team's performance and processes, identify areas for improvement, and define actionable steps to enhance future iterations or projects.
259
What is the concept of iteration planning in Agile?
Iteration planning in Agile is a collaborative process where the team defines the scope and objectives for the upcoming iteration or sprint. It involves selecting user stories, estimating effort, and creating a plan for delivering the iteration's goals.
260
What is the concept of collective ownership in Agile?
Collective ownership in Agile emphasizes that everyone on the team shares responsibility for the success of the project and the quality of the product. It encourages collaboration, knowledge sharing, and a sense of shared accountability.
261
What is the main goal of Kanban?
The main goal of Kanban is to improve workflow efficiency, increase productivity, and reduce waste in a project or process.
262
What is the concept of burn-up chart in Agile?
A burn-up chart in Agile is a graphical representation of work completed versus time. It shows the cumulative progress of completed work over time and provides visibility into the total scope of the project and how much has been accomplished.
263
What is waste in lean concepts?
In lean concepts, waste refers to any activity or process that does not add value to the customer. The goal is to identify and eliminate various types of waste, such as overproduction, waiting, unnecessary movement, defects, and excess inventory.
264
What is a service-level agreement (SLA) in Kanban?
A service-level agreement (SLA) in Kanban defines the expected response time or delivery time for different types of work items or tasks.
265
What is the concept of technical excellence in Agile?
Technical excellence in Agile refers to the continuous pursuit of high-quality, well-designed, and maintainable software solutions. It emphasizes the use of best practices, craftsmanship, and technical skills to deliver value and minimize technical debt.
266
What is the principle of 'respect for people' in Kanban?
The principle of 'respect for people' in Kanban emphasizes the importance of valuing and empowering individuals, fostering a collaborative and respectful work environment.
267
What is the role of a Kanban Product Owner?
The Kanban Product Owner is responsible for prioritizing work items, ensuring clear requirements, and maintaining the overall product vision in a Kanban system.
268
What is the concept of minimum marketable feature (MMF) in Agile?
A minimum marketable feature (MMF) in Agile refers to the smallest set of functionality or features that can be released to the market and provide value to the customer. It allows for early feedback and validation of the product.
269
What happens when a Product Backlog item does not meet the Definition of Done at the end of a Sprint?
If a Product Backlog item does not meet the Definition of Done at the end of a Sprint, it is not considered 'Done' and must return to the Product Backlog for further work.
270
What is the purpose of a release plan in Agile?
The purpose of a release plan in Agile is to outline the scope, timeline, and objectives for delivering a specific set of features or functionality to the customer. It helps coordinate and communicate the overall release strategy.
271
What is the concept of value-based pricing in Agile?
Value-based pricing in Agile is a pricing strategy that determines the price of a product or service based on the perceived value it provides to the customer. It focuses on aligning the price with the value delivered, rather than the cost of production.
272
What is the main responsibility of the Product Owner during a Sprint Review?
The main responsibility of the Product Owner during a Sprint Review is to present the Product Backlog as it stands at the end of the Sprint and discuss what could be done in the next Sprint.
273
What is a product backlog in Scrum?
A product backlog in Scrum is an ordered list of all the work that needs to be done on the product. It is continually refined and reprioritized throughout the project.
274
What are the three phases of the 'Planning Game' in XP?
Exploration, Commitment and Steering.
275
What is the concept of information radiators in Agile?
visible displays, such as whiteboards, charts, or dashboards, that provide real-time information about the project's progress, status, and key metrics. They promote transparency, visibility, and shared understanding within the team and stakeholders.
276
What is the concept of time-to-market in Agile?
Time-to-market in Agile refers to the speed or efficiency with which a product or feature is developed, tested, and delivered to the market. It aims to minimize lead time and maximize the business value derived from the product.
277
What is an Increment in Scrum?
An Increment is the sum of all the Product Backlog items completed during a Sprint and all previous Sprints, which is always in a useable condition
278
What is 'Scrum-ban'?
'Scrum-ban' is a hybrid agile project management model that combines Scrum and Kanban, aiming to utilize the benefits of both.
279
What is a Product Owner in a Scrum project?
A Product Owner is responsible for maximizing the value of the product, managing the product backlog, and ensuring that the team is working on the most valuable features.
280
What is the role of stakeholders in a Scrum project?
Stakeholders in a Scrum project provide insights, feedback and constraints that shape the project's direction and priorities. They attend the Sprint Review to inspect the work done.
281
What is the meaning of the term 'Kaizen' in Kanban?
In Kanban, 'Kaizen' refers to the philosophy of continuous improvement, where teams strive for small incremental improvements in their processes and practices.
281
What is a Kanban replenishment meeting?
A Kanban replenishment meeting is a regular gathering where teams review inventory levels, determine the need for new work items, and plan for their replenishment.
282
What does a Scrum Master do if the team can't reach a consensus during the Daily Scrum?
The Scrum Master facilitates the conversation and encourages the team to come to a consensus. If a decision can't be made, the Scrum Master may ask the team to make a decision outside of the meeting so as not to disrupt the flow of work.
283
What is the Scrum framework?
The Scrum framework is an Agile methodology that provides a flexible and iterative approach to project management, emphasizing collaboration, frequent inspection, and adaptation to deliver high-quality products.
284
What is a sprint backlog in Scrum?
A sprint backlog in Scrum is a subset of the product backlog that contains the items the development team commits to delivering during a sprint.
285
Who should attend the Sprint Retrospective?
Product Owner, Scrum Master, and the entire Development Team.
286
What is the role of the customer in Agile?
In Agile, the customer plays an active role in providing feedback, clarifying requirements, and collaborating with the development team throughout the project. Their involvement is essential for ensuring customer satisfaction and delivering value.
287
How long should a Sprint be?
A Sprint should be between one week and one month long, with two weeks being a common duration.
288
What is the main purpose of the Scrum framework?
The main purpose of the Scrum framework is to facilitate the creation of products or solutions with the highest possible value, through iterative and incremental processes and close collaboration.
289
What is the concept of capacity planning in Agile?
Capacity planning in Agile involves assessing and allocating the team's available resources, skills, and time to ensure that the planned work can be completed within the iteration or release. It helps in managing workload and avoiding overcommitment.
290
What is the role of the Product Owner in Scrum?
defining and prioritizing the product backlog, representing the stakeholders' interests, and ensuring the development team delivers maximum value to the customers.
