Aging Physiology Flashcards
(13 cards)
What fiber type specific changes are typically associated with aging muscle?
A decrease in the CSA and number of satellite cells in type II muscle fibers, but no change in type I muscle fibers.
What is thought to be the primary cause of the decrease in stroke volume as we age?
Increased peripheral resistance
How do vascular adaptations associated with aging impact blood flow capacity?
Increased arterial stiffness, reduced vasodilatory capacity, and reduced capillarisation reduce blood flow capacity
How does aging generally impact maximal isometric torque and maximal shortening velocity in muscles?
The decrease in maximal isometric torque is greater than the decrease in maximal shortening velocity.
How do VO2 kinetics change with aging?
VO2 kinetics decrease, resulting in a slower response to changes in oxygen demand.
What is thought to be the primary cause of the decrease in maximum heart rate as we age?
Electrophysiological changes.
Which of the following is believed to contribute to anabolic resistance of muscle protein synthesis with aging
Increased splanchnic amino acid sequestration
How do muscle, fat, and non-muscle fat-free mass (FFM) change as a percentage of body mass with aging?
Muscle mass decreases, fat mass increases, non-muscle FFM increases slightly
From the age of 20 peak aerobic capacity starts to decrease. By how much does VO2max decrease per decade?
10%
Which of the following factors is a mechanism contributing to the resistance of muscle protein synthesis to the anabolic action of insulin during aging?
Decreased digestion and absorption
What type of training is more effective in improving functional capacity in older individuals?
Power training
Which of the following is a characteristic of mammalian aging?
Impaired homeostasis
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of normal ageing?
Reduced cognitive impairment
