Biochemkcal Basis Of Sport Performance Flashcards
(31 cards)
Which type of transporters facilitates the movement of lactate and H+ from the skeletal muscle into the circulation?
MCT1
What impact does H+ accumulation have on muscle metabolism during high-intensity exercise?
A decrease in pH to 6.4 inhibits PFK, slowing glycolysis and ATP production
Which of the following characteristics is typically associated with fast-twitch muscle fibers compared to slow-twitch muscle fibers?
Elevated reliance on anaerobic metabolism
Speed across the locomotor profile relies on the _______ input and our efficiency converting this into _____ output
Metabolic, mechanical
During the recovery process following high-intensity exercise, which event is likely to take the longest?
Recovery of muscle glycogen stores
During middle distance running events (1500m), professional athletes can sustain a velocity of ____ % VO2max
100
What happens when the rate of pyruvate and H+ production by glycolysis exceeds the rate of uptake into the mitochondria and processing in ETC?
Pyruvate and H+ accumulate in cytosol causing glycolysis to slow down.
Pyruvate combines with H+ to form lactate
The net gain in ATP due to glycolysis is two, if starting with glucose, and three if starting with glycogen as the substrate
True
The conversion of blood glucose to G-6-P (catalyzed by hexokinase) utilizes 1 ATP molecule.
Which is least likely the cause of fatigue during 400m run?
Reduced muscle glycogen
What is the primary role of performing light exercise after high-intensity exercise in improving recovery?
Maintains blood flow and increases lactate oxidation
The term oxygen deficit describes the oxygen taken in above resting values after exercise
False
Oxygen consumption (and therefore metabolic rate) remains elevated for a period of time post exercise but this is referred to as oxygen dept or EPOC (excess post exercise oxygen consumption). Oxygen deficit describes the volume difference between the required and actual O2 uptake at the start of exercise. The O2 deficit represents the immediate anaerobic energy transfer from the hydrolysis of intramuscular high energy phosphates and rapid glycolysis.
Which two metabolites accumulate leading to muscle fatigue during very high-intensity exercise?
Phosphate (Pi) and Hydrogen ions (H+)
Which equation determines the fatigue index (%) in a Wingate test?
((Peak power output – Minimum power output) / Peak power output) x 100
Which of the following factors will impair the resynthesis of PCr after high-intensity exercise?
Low muscle pH
Which of the following is a factor in determining which energy substrate is used during exercise?
Whether energy is being supplied aerobically or anaerobically
Substrate availability
Duration of exercise
Intensity of exercise
In the process where PCr is broken down enzymatically to creatine and phosphate by creatine kinase (CK), what is the subsequent role of the phosphate group in ATP regeneration?
It’s transferred to ADP to form ATP
What is the primary impact of elevated Hydrogen ions (H+) and Phosphate (Pi) on muscle contraction during sprint-related fatigue?
Inhibit the formation of cross bridges
What parameter cannot be obtained from a Wingate cycling test?
Rate of force development
Which of the following is unlikely to be the cause of fatigue during a 800m run?
Muscle glycogen depletion
Which of the following skeletal muscle adaptations will improve an athletes ability to tolerate high lactate levels
An increase in monocarboxylate transporters
An increase in muscle capillary density
The enzyme lactate dehydrogenase catalyses the enzyme that reduces which molecule to lactate?
Pyruvate
The conversion of Glucose to Glucose-6-phosphate is dependent on what?
Availability of GLUT4 transporters to carry glucose across the cell membrane
Activity of the enzyme Hexokinase
The molecule Phosphocreatine is broken down into Creatine and Phosphate by which enzyme?
Creatine Kinase
Which molecule is reduced to lactate by the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase?
Pyruvate
