ah Flashcards
(28 cards)
fasting hypoglycemia
blood glucose below 70 mg/dl
symptoms of fasting hypoglycemia
weakness
rapid heartbeat
sweating
anxiety
hunger
trembling
dizziness
possible causes of fasting hypoglycemia
can occur in ppl without diabetes if they don’t eat adequate amounts of carbs
may occur in those w diabetes if they don’t eat carbs to balance effects of insulin
reactive hypoglycemia
blood glucose level below 70 mg/dl which can occur within minutes to within a few hours
possible causes of reactive hypoglycemia
over-secretion of insulin in response to rising blood glucose levels
fasting hypoglycemia should consume
adequate amounts of carb-containing food and beverages every 3-4 hours
reactive hypoglycemia diets
should be adequate in all nutrients, especially fiber
should control total amts of complex carbs, fats, and protein
limit sugar
warning signs of diabetes
polydipsia(excessive thirst)
polyuria(excessive urine production)
polyphagia(excessive hunger)
prediabetes
impaired glucose tolerance
blood glucose levels are higher than normal
heart disease and stroke can occur
gestational diabetes
may occur during pregnancy
cells become resistant to insulin
type 1 diabetes
5-10% of diabetes cases
usually develop during childhood, adolescence, early adult years
type 1 diabetes is often caused by an autoimmune disorder
own immune system attacks pancreas
pancreas loses ability to produce insulint
treatments for type 1 diabetes
external sources of insulin must be used
diet and exercise
treatment goals for type 1 diabetes
blood glucose levels within normal values
cells can rely on glucose for energy
protein is spared for protein work
ketone bodies are not produced
type 2 diabetes
90-95% of cases
usually diagnosed after age 45 or when you’re a child
type 2 is different from type 1 diabetes because
pancreas produces excessive amts of insulin causing insulin blood levels to rise abnormally high
type 2 is different from type 1 diabetes because the development
of insulin resistance meaning cells will not respond to insulin
in type 2 diabetes the pancreas cells
eventually stop producing insulin, converting the person to type 1
type 2 diabetes is often caused by
body fat accumulation
obesity
physical inactivity
middle age
dangers of diabetes
ketosis
acidosis
blindness
kidney disease
renal failure
heart disease
infections
amputations
delayed wound healing
complications of pregnancy
impotence
premature death
to reduce risks of diabetes if you’re overweight
achieve a weight loss of 5-7%’
regular physical activity
develop nutritious eating pattern
dietary guidelines for whole/minimally processed fruits
limit fruit juice intake
dietary guidelines for whole/minimally processed vegetables
consume a variety of veggies from the five veggie subgroup
dietary guidelines from grains
consider low fat and low sugar choices
