AH

Question 1

Pathological urine analysis is typical for

Answer 1

Chronic glerulonephritis,renal amyloidosis, chronic pyelonephritis,not used in renal artery stenosis

Question 2

What secondary hypertension cause also induced severe electrolyte dysbalance

Answer 2

Conns syndrome

Question 3

Symptoms of aortic coarctation

Answer 3

Arterial hypertension on arms, systolic murmur in paravertebral area of back, palpable arterial pulsation in intercostal space,LVH

Question 4

Imp role in patho of primary AH

Answer 4

Genetic factors and activation of SNS

Question 5

Pathogenesis of primary AH inclueds

Answer 5

Na transport and excretion inhibition,RAAS activation and increase SNS activity, increased vascular wall sensitivity to AT and noradrenaline,reduced output of kallikrein and prostacyclin

Question 6

Total cholesterol uppernorm

Answer 6

4.9

Question 7

Upper range LDL c

Answer 7

3

Question 8

HDL norm

Answer 8

Men(>=1),women(>=1.2)

Question 9

Norm fasting glucose

Answer 9

Less than 5.6

Question 10

Asymptomatic HMOD

Answer 10

LVH,retinal aneurysms and papilloedema,microalbuminuria and reduced GFR

Question 11

No elevated bp

Answer 11

Less than 120/70

Question 12

Elevated bp

Answer 12

120-139/70-89

Question 13

In BP measuring

Answer 13

Drinking coffee before go gives false high reading and should not smoke for past 30 min

Question 14

Ah increase risk of

Answer 14

Renal failure,congestive HF,stroke,angina

Question 15

Finding which is characteristics of asymptomatic HMOD

Answer 15

Microalbuminuria ,LVH

Question 16

Risk score used for 20 years risk of cardiovascular disease

Answer 16

SCORE

Question 17

GFR level which is significantly of HMOD

Answer 17

Less than 60

Question 18

First line drugs for AH

Answer 18

ACE,ARB,T or T like diuretic,D-CCB

Question 19

Antihypertensive agents with sedative effect

Answer 19

Methyl dopa and clonidine

Question 20

SE of hydrochlorothiazide

Answer 20

Increased uric acid level in blood, impaired glucose intolerance, hypokalemia, increase sensitivity to cardiac glycoside

Question 21

Drug preferable if there is stable angina and AH

Answer 21

BAB

Question 22

Drug which is not used for hypertensive crisis

Answer 22

Hydrochlorothiazide

Question 23

Male,long term AH, sudden chest pain,spread to upper abdomen and back,bp190/105, oliguria,LVH,troponin norm
Diagnosis

Answer 23

Aortic aneurysm dissection

Question 24

Drug with high nephroprotective and metabolic effect

Answer 24

Telmisartan

Question 25

First choice medicine. For primary prophylaxis of coronary heart disease in ACE

Answer 25

Ramipril and perindropril

Question 26

SE of ACE i

Answer 26

Angioedema, Hyperkalemia,cough

Question 27

SE of CCB

Answer 27

Bradycardia,LV dysfn with reduced inotropy, peripheral edema

Question 28

CI of treatment withARBs are

Answer 28

Pregnancy, hyperkalemia, bilateral renal stenosis

Question 29

What combination of Antihypertensive drugs are contraindicated

Answer 29

ACE and ARB

Question 30

Antihypertensive that could be used by pregnant women

Answer 30

Methyldopa,labetatol, magnesium,nifedipine

Question 31

What BP control/ treatment should be referred for pat with non elevated bp

Answer 31

Lifestyle measures, screening for BP and CVD risk opportunistically

Question 32

Recommended diastolic pressure

Answer 32

70- 79

Question 33

Monotherapy of AH can be given to

Answer 33

Patient at age >85,frail pat,pat with orthostatic hypotension

Question 34

BAB is added in AH therapy only if there is

Answer 34

Angina, Chronic Heart failure,Post MI

Question 35

CCB used for AH treatment

Answer 35

Dihydropiridine

Question 36

Contraindications of ACE

Answer 36

Hyperkalemic, pregnancy, bilateral renal stenosis

Question 37

Referred treatment for pat with BP 130/139 and 10 year CVD risk below 10% and no other high risk conditions

Answer 37

Lifestyle measures, monitor BP and CV disease risk yearly

Question 38

BP 130-139 and high risk conditions treatment

Answer 38

Lifestyle measures and pharma therapy after 3 months delay, monitor BP yealy once

Question 39

BP >140/90 treatment

Answer 39

Lifestyle measures and pharma therapy immediately, monitor BP yealy once treatment control is established

Question 40

Antihypertensive groups that increase the new onset of diabetes

Answer 40

Beta blockers,thiazide and thiazide like diuretic

Question 41

Most effective antihypertensive group combination

Answer 41

ACE + CCB/ ACE + T like diuretics

Question 42

Antihypertensive group with bradycardia as compelling contraindications

Answer 42

CCB- non dihydropiridine,Beta blockers

Question 43

Arterial pressure=CO *total peripheral vascular resistance

Answer 43

True

Question 44

What medication should be added as next step in hypertension treatment for pat who is on ramipril and felodipine Indapamide, telmisartan,metoprolol,spironolactone,sacubitril/ valsartan

Answer 44

Indapamide

Question 45

Most frequent cause of secondary hypertension os

Answer 45

Primary hyperaldosteronism

Question 46

Hypertensive emergency is

Answer 46

High BP associated with pulmonary edema

Question 47

Hypertensive urgency is

Answer 47

High BP with complaints of dizziness and nausea

Question 48

Antihypertensive used in treatment of hypertensive emergency are

Answer 48

Nitroprusside and labetatol iv

Question 49

White coat hypertension associates with

Answer 49

Age,non smoking, female sex

Question 50

Which medications and substances can increase bp

Answer 50

Anabolic steroids, glucocorticosteroids, erythropoietin, oestrogen containing oral contraceptive

Question 52

Clinical presentation of hypertensive emergency

Answer 52

Chest pain due to aortic dissection, dyspnoea due to pulmonary edema,chest pain due to ACS

Question 53

Secondary hypertension is caused by

Answer 53

Renal artery stenosis, coarctation of aorta,oral contraceptive, renin secreting tumor

Question 54

In hypertensive emergency

Answer 54

BP must be controlled immediately to avoid hypertensive encephalopathy,IV labetatol drugs of choice,aortic dissection is a complication

Question 55

True reason for resistant hypertension

Answer 55

Undetected secondary form of hypertension, advanced irreversible organ damage

Question 56

Reason for pseudo resistant hypertension

Answer 56

Marked brachial artery calcification,white coat phenomenon,poor adherence to prescribed medicine

Question 57

First drug of choice for resistant hypertension

Answer 57

Spironolactone

Question 58

Secondary hypertension can also be cause

Answer 58

Chronic pyelonephritis, Hypothyroidism, pheochromocytoma, hormonal contraception , NSAIDS, sleep apnea

Question 59

Primary aldosteronism cause

Answer 59

Persistent hypertension with hypokalemia,not paroxysm

Question 61

High BP 200/120 with severe headache, pallor, palpitations, previous treatment with ab,ACE,CCB and T like diuretics ineffective,cause paroxysm Diagnosis

Answer 61

Pheochromocytoma