air Flashcards
(13 cards)
composition of air
21% o2 in atmosphere
78% nitrogen
rest other gases include 0.04% co2, 0.9% argon
o2, n2 separated from air via fractional distillation
uses of air
- helium, argon uses
- oxygen steel making, breathing apparatus
- nitrogen food packaging, produce silicon chips
investigate %tage o2 in air
- pass known quantity air over metal
- o2 in air will be removed from metal, form metal oxide
- volume of air w/ o2 removed measured
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Ep_FO9CxYSFbxmf3Zqg9mgm9NNyt2enpfMDr49gufrU/edit?tab=t.0 page 29
e.g. method (steps) to investigate %tage o2 in air
- heat copper, Bunsen Burner
- push plunger, syringe containing air, force air, other plunger, all air completely transferred
- push air, filled plunger, other plunger
- repeat, 3 mins
- copper turn black, copper react w/ o2 in air, copper oxide produced
- allow apparatus cool
- ensure all gas, one syringe, record vol, gas
6 air pollutants (all naturally occuring.)
- co2 (g)
- CO (g)
- particulates
- methane
- oxides of nitrogen
- So2 (g)
air pollutant
C__ d__
human source + eqn
natural source (if any)
effect
carbon dioxide
complete combustion, carbon containing fuels, e.g. fossil fuels like methane
Ch4 (g) + o2 (g) -> Co2 (g) + 2H2o (g)
greenhouse gases, global warming, climate change
air pollutant
C__ m__
human source + eqn
natural source (if any)
effect
carbon monoxide
incomplete combustion, carbon containing fuels, fossil fuels like octane (gasoline)
C8H18 + 9O2 -> 5CO + 2co2 + 9h2o
toxic, comb w/ hemoglobin, deoxyhemoglobin, reduce o2 carrying cap, blood
all gaseous except C8H18 (l)
air pollutant
p___
human source + eqn
natural source (if any)
effect
particulates
incomplete combustion, carbon containing fuels, produce particulates, carbon (soot), e.g. fossil fuels, methane
with soot
CH4 + O2→ C + 2H2O
respiratory problems, cancer
air pollutant
m__
human source + eqn
natural source (if any)
effect
methane
waste gases, digestive processes, animals, decomposition, vegetation
greenhouse gases, global warming, climate change
air pollutant
o__ o__ n__
human source + eqn
natural source (if any)
effect
oxides of nitrogen
reaction, nitrogen w/ oxygen, high temp i.e. car engine
lightning, bacterial action, soil
photochemical smog,
dissolve rain, acid rain -> corrode metal, carbonate compound struct i.e. limestone, irritate lung throat eye
air pollutant
s__ d__
human source + eqn
natural source (if any)
effect
sulfur dioxide
VOLCANO
combustion, fossil fuels w/ sulfur compounds (i.e. power station)
dissolve rain, acid rain -> corrode metal, carbonate compound struct i.e. limestone, irritate lung throat eye
deal w/ climate change
- drastic reduce production, greenhouse gases, slow, avoid climate change
- Co2 emissions reduced, use hydrogen/solar, other renewable source, energy, dont burn fossil fuel
deal w/ acid rain
- decrease amount oxides of nitrogen, sulfur dioxide produced
- catalytic converters, vehicles, remove oxides, nitrogen
- emissions, sulfur dioxide reduce
- use fuels, low lvls sulfur
- flue gas desulfurisation, react sulfur dioxide emitted, containing sulfur w/ calcium oxide, removing sulfur, flue gas
