Airway Management: Critical Care PPTx ✅

Question 1

list 4 different artificial airways

Answer 1

Oropharyngeal airway
Nasopharyngeal airway
Endotracheal tube
Tracheostomy

Question 2

artificial airways _______ the airway and facilitate ________ _______

Answer 2

protect the airway
facilitate mechanical ventilation

Question 3

what are airway adjuncts used for?

Answer 3

To open up the airway → when you are not ready to intubate yet

Question 4

Oral airways are used to keep the ______ from closing off the airway

Answer 4

tongue

Question 5

Oral airways are used for patients with ______ ______

Answer 5

thicker necks

Question 6

the amount of oxygen a pt receives depends on what?

Answer 6

the delivery system

Question 7

When someone has decreased perfusion → need MORE _____

When someone has decreased ventilation → need MORE ____

Answer 7

oxygen

flow

Question 8

why does someone who has decreased ventilation need MORE flow?

Answer 8

need more pressure to get the CO2 out

Question 9

If the O2 flow is 1 L/min, what is the approximate FiO2?

Answer 9

24%

Question 10

How much % do we add for each additional L/min of O2?

Answer 10

4%

Question 11

If the O2 flow is 2 L/min, what is the approximate FiO2?

Answer 11

28%

Question 12

If the O2 flow is 6 L/min, what is the approximate FiO2?

Answer 12

44%

Question 13

low flow O2 delivery systems are specific devices that do NOT provide what?

Answer 13

the patient’s entire ventilatory requirements

Question 14

In low flow O2 delivery, oxygen mixes with room air, so what does this mean?

Answer 14

the concentration of oxygen that can be delivered by nasal cannula varies

Question 15

what pts are low flow O2 delivery systems used in & why?

Answer 15

stable patients because not reliable in the delivery of oxygen

Question 16

what % of FiO2 do face masks provide?

Answer 16

about 40-50%

Question 17

Can face masks be used long term? why or why not?

Answer 17

CAN NOT be used long term
Temporary use → b/c there is not ventilation control; we get the room air

Can be used in a situation when you need some quick oxygen

Question 18

High flow oxygen systems are specific devices that deliver what?

Answer 18

the patients entire ventilatory demand

Question 19

how do high flow oxygen systems impact a patient’s PIFR and FiO2?

Answer 19

Meets or exceeds the patients peak inspiratory flow rate (PIFR)
Provides an accurate FiO2

Question 20

high flow oxygen systems CAN control what?

Answer 20

ventilatory components

Question 21

List examples of high flow O2 systems

Answer 21

1) CPAP/BiPAP drivers
2) High flow nasal cannula
3) Ventilators

Question 22

what is BiPAP?

Answer 22

bilevel positive pressure oxygen delivery system

Question 23

What does BiPAP do?

Answer 23

“Pushes” air into the lungs

Question 24

How can BiPAP be delivered?

Answer 24

By mask or cannula

Question 25

List how BiPAP might be uncomfortable (3)

Answer 25

it is drying can cause **eye irritation** can cause bloating

Question 26

what is important to note about BiPAP and **eye irritation**?

Answer 26

Almost looks like pink eye → although it is not contagious; we need to incorporate proper eye hygiene to help prevent irritation

Question 27

what temp can high flow nasal cannula warm to?

Answer 27

37℃

Question 28

high flow nasal cannula can ________ gas

Answer 28

humidify

Question 29

high flow nasal cannula **decreases airway** _________

Answer 29

**inflammation**

Question 30

high flow nasal cannula **maintains** _________ ________

Answer 30

**mucociliary function**

Question 31

high flow nasal cannula **improves** ______ ________

Answer 31

**mucus clearance**

Question 32

high flow nasal cannula **reduces ______ _________ in acute respiratory failure**

Answer 32

**caloric expenditure**

Question 33

high flow nasal cannula has better compliance than what?

Answer 33

BiPAP or regular nasal cannula **better O2 delivery**

Question 34

high flow nasal cannula has some ____ _____ characteristics

Answer 34

PEEP like characteristics (this is the positive pressure)

Question 35

high flow nasal cannula has been associated with decreased what?

Answer 35

decreased respiratory rate and work of breathing

Question 36

high flow nasal cannula has been associated with better what?

Answer 36

better oxygenation than O2 delivery by face mask

Question 37

High flow nasal cannula can be used in patients of all ages and with a variety of conditions. List 3 examples

Answer 37

1) premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome 2) infants with bronchiolitis 3) adults with hypoxemic respiratory failure

Question 38

what can method of oxygenation delivers **as close to 100% oxygen as we can give**? what % FiO2 does it deliver?

Answer 38

Non-rebreather mask Can deliver up to FiO2 95%

Question 39

Non-rebreather masks give the **highest oxygen delivered on** ________ _________

Answer 39

**spontaneous breathing**

Question 40

what must be assessed regarding non-rebreather mask?

Answer 40

must assess bag for deflation **The bag should NEVER be deflated**

Question 41

if a non-rebreather mask had a completely deflated bag, what does this indicate?

Answer 41

a problem with the rebreather!

Question 42

what is important to note about the amount of air that is inflated in the bag on non-rebreather mask?

Answer 42

It may decrease a little with inspiration but should be inflated Increase the flow

Question 43

A non-rebreather mask must be at what L on the flow meter?

Answer 43

15 L

Question 44

Pulse oximetry **only measures** __________

Answer 44

**perfusion**

Question 45

Pulse oximetry does **NOT measure** _________

Answer 45

**ventilation**

Question 46

can you solely rely on oxygen saturation to ensure the patient is properly ventilating/perfusing?

Answer 46

**NO!**

Question 47

when pulse ox is 100%, this correlates to a ______ of 100 as well what is important to note?

Answer 47

PaO2 **NOT a linear curve** → pulse ox reading may still look okay but the patient’s PaO2 will drop more