aldehyde and ketones Flashcards
1
Q
how are aldehydes oxidised into carboxylic acids
A
heating under reflux with potassium dichromate and concentrated sulphuric acid, carbonyl contain permanent dipole making them susceptible to nucleophilic addition reactions
2
Q
how is aldehyde reduced to primary alcohols and ketone to secondary alcohols
A
using NaBH4 in aqueous solution, these reduction reactions are nucleophilic addition reactions.
3
Q
hazards of using kcn
A
can be toxic and irritant to the skin
4
Q
why can nucleophilic addition reaction of KCN with dilute acid produce a mixture of enantiomers
A
they produce entanitomers and as they are 2 optical isomers there is an equal chance of each isomer being formed within the racemic mixture
