Aldridge - Heart And Development Of Heart Flashcards
(51 cards)
Valves of heart in diastole
Right and left atria contract together
Right and left ventricles relax
Aortic and pulmonary valves close
Mitral and tricuspid valves open
Valves of heart in systole
Right and left atria relax
Right and left ventricles contract
Aortic and pulmonary valves open
Mitral and tricuspid valves closed
A muscular appendage on the left atrium that collects oxygenated blood as it leaves the lungs and directs it to the left ventricle
Left auricle
Occlusive blockage of the left coronary artery will result in?
Ischemia of the interventricular septum
Angioplasty:
A balloon catheter is inserted into the ascending aorta and then into the occluded coronary artery.
Balloon is expanded using dilute contrast media
Surface of the heart, mostly formed by right ventricle and slightly by right atrium?
Anterior (sternocostal) surface
Surface of the heart, formed by right and left ventricles
Inferior (diaphragmatic) surface
Surface of the heart, formed mostly by the left atrium
Posterior (base) surface
Divides the right atrium into two divisions
Crista terminalis
Muscular walls forming small criss-crossing ridges located in the anterior part of the right atrium
Musculi pectinate
Smooth walled, receives the superior and inferior vena cava and the coronary sinus
Posterior part of right atrium
Oval depression in the posterior wall of the right atrium which is where the foramen ovale was before birth
Fossa ovalis
At birth, the foramen ovale is closed by joining of the two atrial septa to form the fossa ovalis. If this does not close properly, it is called _____
Atrial septal defect (ASD)
The superior, cone shaped part of the ventricle. Located inferior to the orifice of the pulmonary trunk
Conus arteriosus
A ring of fibrous tissue surrounding the orifice and serves as attachment sites of valve cusps of the tricuspid valve
Anulus fibosis
Attach the free margins and ventricular surface of each cusp (of tricuspid ) to a conical muscular projection (papillary muscle) on ventricular walls
Chordae tendinae
Pulmonic valvular incompetence:
Valve doesn’t close properly
Due to thickened and inflexible free margins of cusps
Results in backflow of blood into the right ventricle from pulm trunk
Can be heard as a heart murmur
Narrowing of pulmonary orifice due to fusion of the free margins of the cusps by a disease process
Results in right ventricular hypertrophy since right ventricle must work harder to pump blood to lungs
Pulmonary stenosis
Mostly smooth walled, except for auricle on this side which contains pectinate muscles
Contains openings for the 4 pulmonary veins
Forms most of the posterior side of the heart
Has a valve of the foramen ovale
Left atrium
Located at the upper part of septum and inferior to the right and posterior cusps of aortic valve
Site of congenital ventricular septal defects (VSD)
Membranous part of the interventricular septum
At the left atrioventricular orifice
Two papillary muscles attached by chordae tendinae to adjacent halves of each cusp
Cusps are commonly affected by calcium deposits in rheumatic fever which can be heard as an audible heart murmur
Bicuspid valve
Lead from the right and left aortic sinuses, respectively
Located in wall of the ascending aorta
Openings to the right and left coronary arteries
During ventricular relaxation (diastole), blood in ascending aorta flows back towards left ventricle due to gravity and elastic recoil of aortic walls. Aortic sinuses fill with blood, the 3 cusps close, and blood enters ___
The openings to the coronary arteries
Arises from opening to right aortic sinus
Descends in atrioventricular sulcus on anterior surface and continues with it to the posterior surface.
Supplies mostly right side of heart, sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes and post 1/3 of interventricular septum
Right coronary artery
