Alimentary 4

Question 0

Which bacteria has different strains that have different virulence factors which result in different clinical syndromes?

Answer 0

E. coli

Question 1

What is an important cause of enteritis in neonatal animals?

Answer 1

E. coli

Question 2

What do the virulence factors of E. coli promote?

Answer 2

• Colonization and adhesion
• Metabolic dysfunction or death of enterocytes
• Affect the local or systemic vasculature
• Septicemia

Question 3

Enterotoxigenic colibacillosis causes what in what species?

Answer 3

Secretory diarrhea in neonatal pigs, calves and lambs.

Question 4

What is a common sign of enterotoxemic colibacillosis in pigs?
Seen in what age group?

Answer 4

• Edema disease

- A few weeks post-weaning

Question 5

What is cerebrospinal angiopathy of swine?

What causes it?

Answer 5

• Focal bilaterally symmetric encephalomalacia.

- Enterotoxemic colibacillosis caused by E. coli

Question 6

What is clostridial enterotoxemia caused by?

Which type is the most common?

Answer 6

• Clostridium perfringens group type A to E.

- Type D is the most common.

Question 7

What does Clostridium perfringens type D produce?

What does it cause in sheep?

Answer 7

• Angiotoxin (epsilon toxin)

- Intestinal lesions and focal symmetrical encephalomalacia.

Question 8

What type of Clostridium perfringens causes clostridial enteritis (necrotic enteritis) in chickens?

Answer 8

Type A

Question 9

Is Clostridium perfringens a gram-positive or gram-negative bacteria?

Answer 9

Gram-positive bacilli

Question 10

Which bacteria causes Tyzzer’s disease?

Answer 10

Clostridium piliforme

Question 11

What is the main target organ of Tyzzer’s disease?

What other organs can it affect?

Answer 11

• Liver

- Intestine and heart

Question 12

In what species do you see Colitis X (Typhocolitis)?

Answer 12

Horses

Question 13

Which 2 bacteria can cause Colitis X?

Answer 13

Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens type A

Question 14

What is a probable cause of a Colitis X infection?

Answer 14

Dysbacteriosis (often associated with antibiotic therapy or dietary changes) leading to proliferation of toxigenic clostridia.

Question 15

T/F: All Salmonella species are pathogenic.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

The clinical diseases associated with Salmonellosis can range from what?

Answer 16

From a localized enterocolitis to septicemia.

Question 17

What is important in relation to the onset of clinical disease with Salmonellosis?

Answer 17

Stress factors

Question 18

Is Salmonellosis zoonotic?

Answer 18

Yes

Question 19

What kinds of acute enteric lesions are seen with Salmonellosis?

Answer 19

Ulcerative and fibrino-necrotizing enterocolitis

Question 20

What is a possible sequel of Salmonellosis seen in horse lungs?

Answer 20

Embolic mycotic pneumonia

Question 21

Chronic salmonellosis in pigs produces button ulcers that are similar to those produced with what other pig disease?

Answer 21

Hog cholera

Question 22

Porcine proliferative enteropathy can be caused by what bacteria?

Answer 22

Lawsonia intracellularis

Question 23

What part of the intestine is porcine proliferative enteropathy commonly found?

Answer 23

Ileum

Question 24

Is proliferative hemorrhagic enteropathy more common in piglets or adult pigs?

Answer 24

Adult pigs

Question 25

What type of stain is used to confirm infection with Lawsonia intracellularis?

Answer 25

Silver stain

Question 26

Which bacteria causes swine dysentery?

Answer 26

Brachyspira hyodysenteriae

Question 27

What age group is mainly infected by swine dysentery?

Answer 27

8-14 weeks old

Question 28

What are characteristic clinical signs seen with swine dysentery?

Answer 28

Large bowel diarrhea with mucous and blood in feces.

Question 29

What does Rhodococcus equi cause in young horses?

Answer 29

Enterocolitis

Question 30

The virulent factors of Rhodococcus equi allow what?

Answer 30

Survival within cytoplasm of macrophages and cause chronic disease.

Question 31

What is Rhodococcus equi typically associated with?

Answer 31

Suppurative pyogranulomatous pneumonia in foals.

Question 32

What types of lesions does Rhodococcus equi cause?

Answer 32

Ulcerative and pyogranulomatous, associated with prominent regional lymphadenitis.

Question 33

What bacteria causes Johne's disease?

Answer 33

Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis

Question 34

What are some clinical signs of Johne's disease?

Answer 34

Diarrhea, emaciation, hypoproteinemia

Question 35

Cattle affected with Johne's disease usually show disease when older than what age?

Answer 35

19 months

Question 36

Where can lesions associated with Johne's disease be found? | Where are they most common?

Answer 36

- Ileum, cecum, ileocecal valve and proximal colon | - Ileum

Question 37

Prominent mucosal folds are characteristic of which cattle disease?

Answer 37

Johne's disease

Question 38

Which stain is used to confirm mycobacterial infection?

Answer 38

Acid fast stain

Question 39

Is Granulomatous enteritis with Johne's disease more prominent in cattle or small ruminants? Is granulomatous lymphangitis with Johne's disease more prominent in cattle or small ruminants?

Answer 39

- Cattle | - Small ruminants

Question 40

Granulomatous colitis is most commonly seen in which breed of dog?

Answer 40

Boxer

Question 41

Granulomatous colitis in dogs is believed to be associated with what?

Answer 41

Selective intramucosal colonization by specific strains of E.coli.

Question 42

Cryptosporidiosis is commonly seen in what species?

Answer 42

Calves

Question 43

How is Cryptosporidiosis diagnosed?

Answer 43

By finding of numerous protozoal organisms attached to the apical surface of enterocytes.

Question 44

What type of stain can be used to detect cryptosporidiosis?

Answer 44

Toluidine blue

Question 45

What type of lesions can be seen with coccidial enteritis in goats and sheep?

Answer 45

Nodular lesions about 1/2-1 cm in size that can be seen through the serousal surface.

Question 46

What kind of enteritis is caused by coccidiosis in calves?

Answer 46

Proliferative, hemorrhagic and necrotizing

Question 47

What are 2 types of hookworms that affect dogs?

Answer 47

- Ancylostoma caninum | - Uncinaria stenocephala

Question 48

What is an internal parasite that can be found in older horses that has a predilection for the ileo-cecal valve?

Answer 48

Anoplocephala perfoliata

Question 49

Trichuris spp. are also known as what?

Answer 49

Whipworm

Question 50

Where do Trichuris spp. parasitize?

Answer 50

Cecum and colon

Question 51

"Milk spotted liver" in pigs is caused by what parasite?

Answer 51

Ascaris suum

Question 52

T/F: Most infections of Trichuris spp are subclinical.

Answer 52

True

Question 53

Severe infections with Trichuris spp. can lead to what clinical signs?

Answer 53

Bloody diarrhea, weight loss, dehydration, anemia

Question 54

Hookworms may cause what?

Answer 54

Significant anemia and hypoproteinemia in puppies.

Question 55

Intestinal tumors are most common in what 2 species?

Answer 55

Dogs and cats

Question 56

Most primary tumors are what kind of tumor?

Answer 56

Carcinomas

Question 57

What is the most common neoplasm seen in cats? | What form has the highest incidence?

Answer 57

- Lymphosarcoma | - Alimentary form