Alkaloids

Question 1

Physostigma venenosum

Answer 1

Physostigmine or Eserine
Calobar/ordeal bean
Tx of glaucoma

Indole alkaloid

Question 2

Rauwolfia serpentina

Answer 2

reserpine
hypotensive agent
ADR: sedation

Indole alkaloid

Question 3

claviceps purpurea

Answer 3

ergot (parasitic method)
rye/secale

ergotamine - anti-migraine
ergonovine - oxytocic
LSD - hallucinogen

Indole alkaloid

Question 4

claviceps paspali

Answer 4

ergot (saprophytic method)
rye/secale

ergotamine - anti-migraine
ergonovine - oxytocic
ergotoxine - vasorelaxation
LSD - hallucinogen

Indole alkaloid

Question 5

strychnos nux vomica

Answer 5

nux vomica

strychnine - cns stimulant
brucine - alcohol denaturant

Indole alkaloid

Question 6

catharantus spp/ periwinkle chichirica

Answer 6

catharanthus (old) / vinca

vincristine and vinblastine (antineoplastics)

Indole alkaloid

Question 7

yohimbine

Answer 7

for male erectile dysfunction
Indole alkaloid

Question 8

alkaloids: precursor is tryptophan

Answer 8

indole alkaloids

Question 9

aka glyoxaline alkaloids

Answer 9

imidazole alkaloids

Question 10

alkaloids: precursor is histidine

Answer 10

imidazole alkaloids

Question 11

pilocarpus jaborandi

Answer 11

pilocarpine
hygroscopic

imidazole alkaloid

Question 12

pilocarpus microphyllus

Answer 12

pilocarpine
hygroscopic

imidazole alkaloid

Question 13

aka xanthine alkaloids

Answer 13

purine alkaloids

Question 14

1,3,7 - trimethylxanthine

Answer 14

coffee bean: coffee arabica
kola nuts: cola nitida

caffeine
CNS stimulant

purine/xanthine alkaloid

Question 15

1,3- dimethylyxanthine

Answer 15

camellia sinensis
theophylline
tx of bronchial asthma

purine/xanthine alkaloid

Question 16

3,7-dimethylxanthine

Answer 16

theobroma cacao
theobromine
diuretic & smooth muscle relaxant

purine/xanthine alkaloid

Question 17

protoalkaloids

Answer 17

alkaloidal amines

Question 18

all are solids except ____ which are liquids

Answer 18

coniine, nicotine, sparteine

Question 19

Lophophora williamsii

Answer 19

mescal button/ peyote
mescaline: hallucinogen

alkaloidal amines

Question 20

ephedra sinica

Answer 20

ephedra/ ma huang
ephedrine: bronchodilator

alkaloidal amines

Question 21

colchicum atumnale

Answer 21

colchicum
colchicine: gout

alkaloidal amines

Question 22

catha edulis

Answer 22

kath/ abyssinian tea
cathinone - similar to amphetamine

alkaloidal amines

Question 23

conium maculatum

Answer 23

coniine
aka poison hemlock

pyridine-piperidine alkaloids

Question 24

nicotania tabacum

Answer 24

nicotine
tobacco
smoking deterrent

pyridine-piperidine alkaloids

Question 25

areca catechu

Answer 25

aka areca palm or betel nut palm arecoline anthelmintic/ antiparasite/ tineazide pyridine-piperidine alkaloids

Question 26

lobelia inflata

Answer 26

indian tobacco lobeline smoking deterrent pyridine-piperidine alkaloids

Question 27

leucaena leucocephala

Answer 27

lead tree/ leucana ipil-ipil anthelmintic/ antiparasite/ tineazide pyridine-piperidine alkaloids

Question 28

duboisia myoporoides

Answer 28

duboisia chief source of atropine Tropane alkaloid

Question 29

atropa belladonna

Answer 29

belladonna atropine/hyocyamine racemic anticholinergic, mydriatic Tropane alkaloid

Question 30

mandragora officinarum

Answer 30

european mandrake Tropane alkaloid

Question 31

datura stramonium

Answer 31

stramonium/ jimson weed anticholinergic Tropane alkaloid

Question 32

hyoscyamus niger

Answer 32

hyoscyamus/henbane parasymaptholythic Tropane alkaloid

Question 33

withania somnifera

Answer 33

withania sedative Tropane alkaloid

Question 34

erythroxylon coca

Answer 34

cocaine divine incas plant anaesthetic Tropane alkaloid

Question 35

hyoscine

Answer 35

scopolamine tx for motion sickness component of truth serum Tropane alkaloid

Question 36

veratrum viride

Answer 36

green hellebore cardiac depressant Steroidal alkaloid

Question 37

veratrum album

Answer 37

white hellebore/ european hellebore hypotensive agent, insecticide steroidal alkaloid

Question 38

cinchona succiriba

Answer 38

cinchona quinine quinoline alkaloids

Question 39

cephalis ipecacuanha

Answer 39

ipecac emetine- emetic 15 mL child, 30 mL adult isoquinoline alkaloids

Question 40

sanguinaria canadensis

Answer 40

sanguinaria/blood root sanguinarine - emetix/expectorant isoquinoline alkaloids

Question 41

papaver somniferum

Answer 41

opium/stone of immortality paregoric- camphorated opium tincture laudanum- opium tincture dover's powder- ipecac + opium morphine, codeine,thebaine opiates (natural) and opioids (synthetic) isoquinoline alkaloids

Question 42

strychnos castelnaei

Answer 42

curare/ south american arrow poison tubocurarine isoquinoline alkaloids

Question 43

hydrastis canadensis

Answer 43

hydrastis/ golden seal hydrastine - astringent isoquinoline alkaloids