alkane

Question 1

sigma bond

Answer 1

.between atoms
.allows for full rotation

Question 2

alkane shape

Answer 2

tetrahedral 109.5 angle

Question 3

bp increase with longer chain

Answer 3

.as more electrons and surface area = more london forces
.need more energy to overcome

Question 4

bp decrease with branching

Answer 4

.less surface area = less electrons = weaker london forces

Question 5

combustion

Answer 5

alkane + O2 —> CO2 + H2O

Question 6

incomplete combustion

Answer 6

alkane + CO2 –> CO + H2O

Question 7

free radical sub (alkane + halogen)

Answer 7

halogen + alkane —> halogenalkane + HCl

Question 8

free radical sub mechanism

Answer 8

.need UV light

Cl2 -> 2Cl.

Cl. + CH4 —> HCl + .CH3
.CH3 + Cl2 –> CH3Cl + Cl.

Cl. + Cl. –> Cl2
Cl. + CH3. –> CH3Cl
CH3. + CH3. –> C2H6