All Paper 2 ☕️

Question 1

Describe how the rate at which the mixture goes cloudy can be measured:

Answer 1

Place a flask over the cross which is over the Bunsen burner, then add the acid and the other solution that makes it cloudy, then using a stopwatch time the time it takes for the cross to no longer be seen
Repeat for different concentrations for solutions and compare data collected

Question 2

What are the 3 most common gases in the air in order of percentage?

Answer 2

Nitrogen, oxygen, argon

Question 3

Down group 1 the reactivity….

Answer 3

Increases

Question 4

All of the alkali metals react…

Answer 4

Violently with water

Question 5

Alkali metals have…

Answer 5

1 electron on the outer shell, making them very reactive

Question 6

Group 1 metals are…

Answer 6

Soft metals.
Low melting points
Top layer reacts with oxygen in the air - form metal oxides

Question 7

What is an example of a word equation for the alkali metals reaction with oxygen?

Answer 7

Lithium + oxygen > lithium oxide

Question 8

The noble gases all form…

Answer 8

Colourless and odourless gases at room temperature

Question 9

Are the noble gases reactive? ( with explanation )

Answer 9

No, they have a full outer shell of electrons and don’t need to gain an electron

Question 10

Noble gases are…

Answer 10

Monatomic

Question 11

The density and boiling point… (of noble gases)

Answer 11

Increases down the group

Question 12

The halogens are group 7 because…

Answer 12

They have 7 electrons on the outer shell

Question 13

All of the halogens are..

Answer 13

Toxic and experiments must be taken out in a fume cupboard

Question 14

All of the halogens are…

Answer 14

Diatomic

Question 15

The Halogens have low melting and boiling points and…

Answer 15

Reactivity decreases down the group

Question 16

The halogens react with metals to form..

Answer 16

Ionic compounds called salts

Question 17

Give an example of a halogen forming a ionic compound

Answer 17

Magnesium + chlorine > magnesium chloride

Question 18

What are some of the uses of the halogens?

Answer 18

Disinfectants, bleaches

Question 19

Why is fluorine there most reactive halogen?

Answer 19

It has less electron shells and is closer to the nucleus so there is less electron shielding making it more reactive.

Question 20

What is the Rf value calculation?

Answer 20

Distance moved by spot / distance moved by solvemt

Question 21

Describe what should be done to obtain copper sulfate crystals from a copper sulfate solution?

Answer 21

The substance should be gently heated above a Bunsen burner, to evaporate the water, then transfer to the window sill and leave for a few days to crystallise by evaporation to cool

Question 22

The student adds more copper oxide until the magnesium amount of copper sulfate is formed without wasting copper oxide ( 3 marks )

Answer 22

.When some powder remains in the beaker and doesn’t dissolve
. When there’s an excess copper oxide
. When all the acid is neutralised

Question 23

The rate of reaction equation..

Answer 23

Amount of reactant used or product formed / time

Question 24

What are the factors that effect the rate of reaction?

Answer 24

Temperature
Surface area
Concentration
Catalyst

Question 25

A larger surface area results in a faster rate of reaction…

Answer 25

There are more frequent collisions so therefore more successful collisions, increasing the rate of reaction

Question 26

Give a property of helium apart from it being inert, that makes it suitable for filling balloons:

Answer 26

It is less dense than air