all will be alright in time Flashcards
(14 cards)
What are functional groups?
Structural units defined by specific bonding
Functional groups determine how the molecule will react with other molecules.
What is an alkane?
Hydrocarbons with single bonds; saturated with other atoms
Example: Ethane.
What are alkenes?
Hydrocarbons with double bonds; unsaturated
Example: Ethene.
What are alkynes?
Hydrocarbons with triple bonds; unsaturated
Example: Ethyne.
What are arenes?
6-carbon ring with alternating single & double bonds
Also known as aromatics.
What is the carbon backbone or skeleton in organic compounds?
The parts of a molecule that are not functional groups
Positioned to create overall shape and stability.
What are alkyl halides?
Carbon structures with halogens attached
Common in the lab but rare in nature.
What defines primary, secondary, and tertiary groups in organic chemistry?
Primary: bonded to a carbon with one carbon bond; Secondary: bonded to a carbon with two carbon bonds; Tertiary: bonded to a carbon with three carbon bonds
Methyl: attached to a methyl group (1 carbon).
What is a primary alcohol?
An alcohol bonded to a primary carbon
Example: Methanol.
Fill in the blank: Alkenes are hydrocarbons with ______ bonds.
double
True or False: Arenes have a linear structure.
False
Arenes have a cyclic structure with alternating bonds.
What is the role of functional groups in organic compounds?
Determine the reactivity and properties of the molecule
Functional groups are crucial for understanding chemical behavior.
What is the significance of Lewis structures in organic chemistry?
They help visualize the bonding between atoms in a molecule
Important for understanding molecular geometry and reactivity.
List three common functional groups.
- Hydrocarbons
- Alcohols
- Alkyl halides
