ALS Lecture 6 - Cubital Fossa, Forearm and Wrist DONE Flashcards
(127 cards)
1
Q
location of cubital fossa
A
anterior to elbow joint
2
Q
floor of cubital fossa
A
brachialis
3
Q
roof of cubital fossa
A
skin, superficial fascia, aponeurosis of biceps brachii
4
Q
lateral border of cubital fossa
A
brachioradialis
5
Q
medial border of cubital fossa
A
pronator teres
6
Q
superior border of cubital fossa
A
medial epicondyle, line between epicondyles
7
Q
label all 4 diagrams of cubital fossa
A
done
8
Q
on top of cubital fossa roof lies
A
median cubital vein
9
Q
median cubital vein connects
A
cephalic and basilic veins
10
Q
label the 2 diagrams of veins/nerves/arteries of cubital fossa
A
done
11
Q
why is median cubital vein above cubital fossa important?
A
lot of venepuncture here
12
Q
why is median cubital fossa good for venepuncture?
A
vessels and nerves in cubital fossa below are protected by bicipital aponeurosis
13
Q
elbow fractures must be taken seriously as they can damage or compress
A
vessels/nerves in cubital fossa
14
Q
compartments of forearm
A
anterior, posterior
15
Q
anterior compartment of forearm contains
A
flexors of forearm
16
Q
anterior compartment of forearm supplied by
A
median and ulnar nerves
17
Q
label cadaver diagram of compartments of forearm
A
done
18
Q
anterior compartment of forearm is split into 3 layers:
A
superficial, intermediate, deep
19
Q
medial epicondyle known as
A
common flexor origin as flexors of forearm all start there
20
Q
label the 2 diagrams of the superficial layer of the anterior flexor compartment
A
done
21
Q
muscles in superficial layer of anterior flexor compartment
A
pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, palmaris longus
22
Q
flexor carpi radialis goes to
A
radial side carpals
23
Q
flexor carpi ulnaris goes to
A
ulnar side carpals
24
Q
palmaris longus
A
vestigial muscle, may be absent
25
muscles in intermediate layer of anterior flexor compartment
flexor digitorum superficialis
26
point of origin of flexor digitorum superficialis
2 points, medial epicondyle and radius
27
at the wrist, the flexor digitorum supeficialis
splits into tendons, pass under flexor retinaculum
28
posterior compartment of forearm contains
extensors
29
posterior compartment of forearm supplied by
radial nerve
30
muscles in deep layer of anterior flexor compartment
flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicis longus, pronator quadratus
31
flexor digitorum profundus
deep flexor of digit, tendons insert to base of distal phalanx of each finger
32
flexor pollicis longus
long flexor of thumb, tendon inserts into base of distal phalanx of thumb
33
pronator quadratus
pronates when contracts, pulls radius over ulna
34
pronator quadratus is responsible for
pronation
35
flexor pollicis longus is responsible for
flexion of thumb
36
flexor digitorum profundus is responsible for
flexion of digits
37
flexor digitorum superficialis is responsible for
flexion of digits
38
flexor digitorum superficialis attaches to
base of middle phalanx of each finger
39
flexor digitorum profundus attaches to
base of distal phalanx of each finger
40
flexor policis longus attaches to
base of distal phalanx of thumb
41
posterior compartment of forearm split into
superficial, deep
42
label the diagram of the intermediate layer of the anterior flexor compartment
done
43
label the 2 diagrams of the deep layer of the anterior flexor compartment
done
44
muscles in superficial layer of posterior extensor compartment
extensor carpi radialis, extensor carpi ulnaris, extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi
45
posterior compartment of forearm contains
extensors
46
lateral epicondyle is known as
common extensor origin
47
extensor carpi radialis
goes to radial side carpals
48
extensor carpi ulnaris
goes to ulnar side carpals
49
extensor digitorum and extensor digiti minimi
large muscle, tendons go to most digits and to some digits twice
50
label the diagram of the superficial layer of the posterior compartment of the forearm
done
51
muscles in deep layer of posterior extensor compartment
abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicis longus, extensor indicis
52
label the diagram of the deep layer of the posterior compartment of the forearm
done
53
muscles in posterior deep layer tend to originate from
posterior forearm bones
54
demonstrate and check wrist flexion
done
55
demonstrate and check wrist extension
done
56
demonstrate and check wrist abduction
done
57
wrist abduction is also known as
radial deviation
58
demonstrate and check wrist adduction
done
59
wrist adduction is also known as
ulnar deviation
60
label the pictures of wrist movements
done
61
pronators of the forearm
pronator teres, pronator quadratus
62
pronator teres
common flexor origin to radius, pulls radius over ulnar
63
pronator quadratus
distal end of radius and ulna (horizontal), pulls radius over ulna
64
supinators of the forearm
supinator, extensor indicis
65
supinator
common extensor origin to back of radius
66
label the diagram of the pronators
done
67
label the diagram of the supinators
done
68
label the diagrams of the wrist bones
done
69
name the wrist bones, in a circle starting at the bottom and going clockwise
lunate, scaphoid, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate, pisiform, triquetrum
70
ligament on lateral side of wrist
radial collateral ligament
71
ligament on medial side of wrist
ulnar collateral ligament
72
ligament separates radius and ulna
articular disc
73
main joint between wrist and forearm is between
scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, radius
74
when we pronate our hand we bring our _____ over our _____
radius over ulna
75
label the diagrams of supination and pronation
done
76
label the tendons of the finger diagram
done
77
superficialis tendon is from
flexor digitorum superficialis
78
superficialis tendon lies ____ profundus tendon
above
79
profundus tendon is from
flexor digitorum profundus
80
superficialis tendon _____ as it comes into finger
splits
81
superficialis tendon inserts into
either side of base of middle phalanx
82
in between the split of the superficialis tendon passes the
profundus tendon
83
profundus tendon inserts into
base of distal phalanx
84
flexor digitorum profundus action
flexes distal phalanx at DIP joint
85
why can't you just flex the end of your finger (distal phalanx), without flexing the rest?
flexor digitorum profundus passes over other phalanges
86
to test just the profundus tendon
hold rest of finger still, get pt to flex end
87
flexor digitorum superficialis action
flexes middle phalanx at PIP joint
88
to test just the superficialis tendon we
pull other digits back to stretch profundus, then flex digit being tested at PIP joint
89
extensor digitorum location
superficial layer of posterior compartment (extensor) of forearm
90
extensor digitorum sends a tendon to
4 fingers
91
tendons of extensor digitorum pass over the
back of wrist, under extensor retinaculum
92
extensor digitorum tendons splits to insert in 2 places...
base of middle phalanx, either side of base of distal phalanx
93
extensor digitorum controls 2 joints, the
proximal and distal interphalangeal
94
test extensor appartus of fingers by
push down on finger and ask pt to extend it
95
look at diagram of extensor digitorum tendons
done
96
where is the carpal tunnel between?
base of thumb and little finger
97
_____ lies over carpal bones, forming carpal tunnel
aponeurosis
98
through the carpal tunnel passes
tendons and nerves of hand
99
median nerve supplies sensation to
palm, base of thumb
100
tinging in palm, weakness in thumb
carpal tunnel syndrome
101
carpal tunnel syndrome can be due to
swelling making carpal tunnel tight
102
to help carpal tunnel syndrome we can
cutting aponeurosis
103
label the diagrams of the carpal tunnel
done
104
anatomical snuff box location
base of thumb (dorsal side, towards index finger)
105
scaphoid fractures often occur
falling on outstretched hand
106
scaphoid fractures are important as
blood supply to scaphoid may be impaired so will necrose
107
pressing on anatomical snuff box will cause _____ in the event of ______
pain, scaphoid fracture
108
head of the radius is held against humerus and ulna by the
annular ligament
109
in children, radial head can easily be pulled out of annular ligament because
annular ligament and radius not properly formed
110
label the diagram of scaphoid fracture
done
111
label the diagrams of the elbow
done
112
vessels of flexor (anterior) compartment
brachial artery, radial and ulnar arteries
113
brachial artery course and splits
enters cubital fossa, splits into radial and ulnar arteries as it leaves
114
ulnar artery stays close to
ulnar nerve
115
median nerve continues down
middle of forearm, under flexor retinaculum to middle of wrist and hand
116
radial artery passes down
radial wrist
117
injuries to the ____ side of the wrist are more ____
ulnar, serious
118
injuries to the ulnar side of the wrist are more serious because
ulnar nerve and artery run so close so if artery is cut nerve very likely to be damaged
119
label diagrams of forearm vessels/nerves
done
120
nerves that innervate the flexor (anterior) compartment of the forearm
median, ulnar
121
nerve that innervates the extensor (posterior) compartment of the forearm
radial
122
median nerve supplies
pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor pollicis longus, pronator quadratus and half of flexor digitorum profundus
123
median nerve supplies all of the flexor muscles of the forearm except
flexor carpi ulnaris, half of flexor digitorum profundus
124
ulnar nerve supplies
flexor carpi ulnaris, half of flexor digitorum profundus
125
nerve that innervates the extensor (posterior) compartment
radial
126
radial nerve innervates
all of posterior muscles of the forearm
127
if we see a pin on the posterior aspect of the forearm, it is innervated by the
radial nerve
