ALS Lecture 9 - The Hip: Function and Injuries DONE

Question 1

hip joint type

Answer 1

ball and socket, synovial

Question 2

the hip joint is very (2)

Answer 2

stable, mobile

Question 3

the hip joint is between the

Answer 3

head of femur, acetabulum of pelvis

Question 4

label the diagram of the hip

Answer 4

done

Question 5

psoas major originates at

Answer 5

transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae

Question 6

psoas major attaches to

Answer 6

lesser trochanter of the femur

Question 7

psoas major action

Answer 7

main hip flexor

Question 8

label the diagrams of the anterior and medial thigh muscles

Answer 8

done

Question 9

gluteus maximus originates at

Answer 9

sacrum

Question 10

gluteus maximus attaches to

Answer 10

gluteal tuberosity

Question 11

innervation of gluteus maximus

Answer 11

inferior gluteal nerve, L5-S2

Question 12

gluteus maximus action

Answer 12

extends hip when hip is already flexed, e.g. climbing stairs or lifting from a squat

Question 13

label the diagrams relating to the gluteus maximus

Answer 13

done

Question 14

hip abductors

Answer 14

gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, tensor fasciae latae

Question 15

innervation of hip abductors

Answer 15

superior gluteal nerve, L4-S1

Question 16

action of hip abductors

Answer 16

raises contralateral hip in normal gait

Question 17

lateral rotators of the hip emerge through

Answer 17

greater and lesser sciatica foramina

Question 18

lateral rotators of the hip insert onto the

Answer 18

femur

Question 19

lateral rotators of the hip

Answer 19

piriformis, obturator internus, obturator externus, superior and inferior gemelli, quadratus femoris

Question 20

it is very useful to know the location of the piriformis so we can find the

Answer 20

nerves and blood vessels below it

Question 21

obturator internus

Answer 21

forms some of pelvic wall, attaches proximal femur

Question 22

obturator externus

Answer 22

obturator nerve lies over it,

Question 23

superior and inferior gemelli sit either side of

Answer 23

obturator internus

Question 24

innervation of lateral rotators of the hip

Answer 24

small branches of sacral plexus

Question 25

lateral rotators of the hip are lateral to _____ _____ on prosection

Answer 25

sacrotuberous ligament

Question 26

position of the sciatic nerve is obvious on prosection and is inferior to

Answer 26

piriformis

Question 27

label the diagrams of the hip muscles

Answer 27

done

Question 28

posterior thigh muscles common origin

Answer 28

ischial tuberosity, except short head of biceps

Question 29

posterior thigh muscles include

Answer 29

biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, adductor magnus (hamstring part)

Question 30

label the diagrams of the posterior thigh muscles

Answer 30

done

Question 31

innervation of posterior thigh muscles

Answer 31

tibial nerve (sciatic), except biceps short head which is by common fibular nerve

Question 32

action of posterior thigh muscles

Answer 32

extend hip, flex knee

Question 33

label the muscles on the MRI

Answer 33

done

Question 34

fill in the blank hip movement and innervation summary

Answer 34

done

Question 35

3 ligaments of the hip joint

Answer 35

iliofemoral, pubofemoral, ischiofemoral

Question 36

iliofemoral ligament limits

Answer 36

hip extension

Question 37

iliofemoral ligament shape

Answer 37

V

Question 38

iliofemoral ligament is between

Answer 38

ilium, greater trochanter and trochanteric line of femur

Question 39

pubofemoral ligament is between

Answer 39

iliopubic eminence, inferior neck of femur

Question 40

pubofemoral ligament limits

Answer 40

abduction of hip

Question 41

ischiofemoral ligament is between

Answer 41

ischium, fossa near greater trochanter of femur

Question 42

ischiofemoral ligament limits

Answer 42

adduction of hip

Question 43

label the ligaments of the hip

Answer 43

done

Question 44

label the diagrams of the femur

Answer 44

done

Question 45

important vessels get to the head of femur through the

Answer 45

acetabular foramen

Question 46

hip socket is deepened by

Answer 46

labrum

Question 47

label the diagram of the hip joint socket

Answer 47

done

Question 48

label the x-ray of the hip and joint

Answer 48

done

Question 49

look at schenton's line on the x-ray diagram

Answer 49

done

Question 50

schenton's line is used to tell if there is

Answer 50

disruption to hip joint, should be continuous

Question 51

neck of femur fracture is often caused by

Answer 51

low impact falls, osteoporotic bondes

Question 52

classic signs of neck of femur fracture

Answer 52

shortened limb, externally rotated

Question 53

when reviewing pt with neck of femur fracture we must consider

Answer 53

avascular necrosis, especially displaced fractures

Question 54

which arteries may be torn to cause avascular necrosis in neck of femur fracture?

Answer 54

retinacular arteries

Question 55

standard treatment for neck of femur fracture

Answer 55

hip replacement

Question 56

in partial hip replacement what is replaced?

Answer 56

head and neck of femur

Question 57

in total hip replacement what is replaced?

Answer 57

head and neck of femur, acetabulum

Question 58

label the diagram of R hip

Answer 58

done

Question 59

Trendelenburg gait is caused by damage to which nerve?

Answer 59

superior gluteal nerve

Question 60

what is Trendelenburg gait?

Answer 60

when foot on side of lesion is in stance phase, hip drops to contralateral side

Question 61

look at diagrams of Trendelenburg gait

Answer 61

done

Question 62

one of the main causes of Trendelenburg gait is

Answer 62

hip replacement (damages superior gluteal nerve)

Question 63

signs of posterior hip dislocation

Answer 63

adducted hip, internal rotation

Question 64

which type of hip dislocation is more common?

Answer 64

posterior

Question 65

look at the x-rays of dislocated hip/child's hip

Answer 65

done

Question 66

anterior and posterior hip dislocation commonly occur in

Answer 66

winter sports accidents

Question 67

label the blood supply to the hip joint diagrams

Answer 67

done

Question 68

2 main arteries that supply blood to the hip joint

Answer 68

external and internal iliac arteries

Question 69

external iliac artery becomes

Answer 69

femoral artery

Question 70

which arteries loop around the neck of femur?

Answer 70

lateral and medial circumflex arteries

Question 71

the lateral and medial circumflex arteries meet to form the...

Answer 71

trochanteric anastomosis

Question 72

superior gluteal artery, which comes from internal iliac also gives blood to the

Answer 72

neck of femur

Question 73

from the trochanteric anastomosis arise the

Answer 73

retinacular arteries

Question 74

retinaculuar arteries supply the

Answer 74

head of femur (sole supply in adults)