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Stage 2 Psychology > Altered states of awareness > Flashcards

Altered states of awareness Flashcards

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1
Q

State of awareness is what

A

States of consciousness

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2
Q

What is consciousness made up of

A

thoughts, feelings, sensations, perceptions and memories that you are aware of at any given moment

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3
Q

What are the 4 types of consciousness

A
  • Personal
  • Selective
  • Continuous
  • Changing
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4
Q

What did William James think of consciousness

A

Thought of consciousness as a stream

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5
Q

What did William James say about consciousness

A

It is constant and continuously changing and it consist of a random flow of thoughts feelings, memories and sensations that pass fleetingly through our mind

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6
Q

Our awareness of our internal and external environs is what

A

an ever-changing array of thoughts feelings and sensations

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7
Q

What is a continuum

A

A continuum is a set of things on a scale, which have a particular characteristic to different degrees.

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8
Q

At the high end of the continuum a person has what

A

Focused attention and is able to concentrate on a specific task at the expense of other less important information

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9
Q

At the low end of the continuum a person is usually what

A

Unaware of thoughts, feelings and sensations

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10
Q

In the levels of consciousness what happens in the controlled processes

A

Fully conscious actions. Requires high levels of attention, alertness and concentration in order to actively achieve a particular goal

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11
Q

In the levels of consciousness what happens in the automatic processes

A

Refers to a set of actions that require little conscious effort or awareness. Can be completed while undertaking other activities

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12
Q

The theory of divided attention suggests that we arr capable of what

A

Processing some information that is outside human consciousness

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13
Q

Selective attentions acts as what

A

A filter that lets through only certain types of awareness

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14
Q

What does NWC stand for

A

Normal waking consciousness

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15
Q

What does ASC stand for

A

Altered sates of awareness

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16
Q

Altered states of awareness is what

A

Any state of consciousness that is distinctly different to normal waking consciousness

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17
Q

What is altered by altered states of awareness

A
  • Sensations
  • Perception
  • Cognition
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18
Q

What is modified by altered sates of awareness

A

The relation of the individuals to the self and the body

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19
Q

ASC can also affect what

A

Information processing and/or cognitive function

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20
Q

What is the most common altered state of awareness

A

Sleep

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21
Q

Sleep has a what

A

Circadian rhythm

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22
Q

What is a circadian rhythm

A

Circadian rhythms are rhythms that fluctuate over the day and night cycle

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23
Q

The sleep/wake circadian rhythm is controlled by what

A

The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)

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24
Q

What does SCN stand for

Study These Flashcards
A

The suprachiasmatic nucleus

25
Where is the suprachiasmatic nucleus found
In the hypothalamus
26
What are examples of different circadian rhythms
- Sleep/wake cycles - Body temperature - Blood pressure - Secretion of growth hormone - Blood sugar levels
27
What are some exogenous factors that effect your circadian rhythm
- Damage to the brain - Jet lag - Illness - Stress - Fatigue - Genetics
28
Research into sleep deprivation found
- Increased body temperature, metabolic rate and appetite - Loss of ability to resist infection and loss of thyroid and immune functioning - Premature death
29
What does EEG mean
Electroencephalographic
30
What does EOG mean
Electro-ocular
31
What does EMG mean
Electomyographic
32
What are 3 sleeping disorders
- Insomnia - Excessive daytime sleepiness - Parasomnia
33
What is sleep
Sleep is a behaviour and an altered state of consciousness
34
What are the 5 stages of sleep
- Stage 1 sleep - Stage 2 sleep - Stage 3 sleep - Stage 4 sleep - REM sleep
35
What happens during stage 1 sleep
- Rolling - Slowed breathing - Slowed heart rate - Reduced muscular activity
36
What happens during stage 2 sleep
- About 20 minutes long | - Heart rate and respiration slows
37
What happens during stage 3 and 4 of sleep
- About 30 minutes long - Hart to awake - SWS a deeper form of sleep - Respiration and heart rate slow
38
What happens during REM sleep
- Deep stage of sleep marked by rapid eye movement, high frequency brain waves and vivid dreaming - Irregular HR and respiration
39
When does SWS decrease
SWS gradually lessens with age and usually disappears in the elderly
40
Details of sleep in newborns
- Average of 16 hours of sleep per day - Almost constants for first weeks - Awakes to eat - Sleep wake cycle of 3-4 hours - 50% REM
41
Detail of sleep in infants
- Average of 15 hours - 30% REM - Several naps through the day
42
Details of sleep in toddlers
- Average of 12 hours | - REM continues to fall
43
Details of sleep in Pre-schoolers
- 12 hours a night - Rare naps - REM 20% - Bedtime fears - Nightmares - Need consistent routine - Sleep walking, bed wetting and night terrors are not unusual
44
Details of sleep for school age children
- 6 year old= 11-12 - 11 year old= 9-10 - Excessive daytime sleepiness is not normal
45
Details of sleep for adolescents
- Average 7.5 hours - 25% REM - School performance, accidents, behaviour and mood problems can be result of insufficient sleep
46
Details of sleep for young adults
- Average 6-8.5 hours a night - 20% REM - Rare naps - Stress may lead to insomnia - Use of medications longs term leads to insomnia - Pregnancy increases sleep needs
47
Details of sleep for middle adults
- Total sleep times begins to decrease - Insomnia common - Stage 4 time falls
48
Details of sleep for older adults
- Total sleep time doesnt change much - Quality appears to deteriorate - REM shortens - Awakens more at night - Takes longer to fall asleep - Chronic illnesses
49
What are common effects of sleep deprivation
- Increased fatigue - Depression - Difficult with social relationships - Decreased productivity - Breathing disorders - Heart disease - Motor vehicle accidents
50
What are common causes of sleep deprivation
- Not allowing enough time for sleep - Sleep disorders - Excessive worry - Depression - Medication - Lack of exercise
51
What is arousal
Arousal is a state of mental and physical preparedness for action
52
What is anxiety
Anxiety is an emotional state similar to fear and is associated with physiological and psychological arousal and with feeling of nervousness and apprehension
53
What is stress
Stress is a biological and psychological response experienced on encountering a threat that we feel we do not have the resources to deal with
54
What is a stressor
Something to causes us stress
55
What is the sympathomedullary pathway
Short term stress
56
What is the pituitary adrenal system
Long term, chronic and ongoing stress
57
What is the bodies response to stress
The body prepares us for the fight of flight response when we are stressed for a brief amount of time
58
What are things that can cause stress
- Asthma - Colds and flu - Cancer - Depression - Heart disease - Stomach ulcers - PTSD - Eczema and other skin disorders

Stage 2 Psychology (3 decks)

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