Anaerobic And Aerobic Adaptations Flashcards
(12 cards)
What is cardiac hypertrophy ?
This concerns the growth in size of the myocardium with the heart causing for increase cardiac muscle mass.
This is an aerobic capacity
What is muscular hypertrophy ?
This concern the growth and size of skeletal muscle tissue, which allows increased force exetterd meaning faster force of contraction.
Anaerobic adaptation
What are the musculoskeletal adaptations (muscles)
(Aerobic adaptation)
Increased numbers of capillaries around muscles
Increased diffusion of oxygen into the muscles
Increased numbers of mitochondria
Increased amount of myoglobin
Increase the efficiency of type 1 muscles fibres and the utilisation of type 2a
What are the musculoskeletal skeletal adaptations( bones and joints)
(Aerobic adaptations)
Improved bone density
Reducing the risk of fractures.
Enhances tendon and ligament strength
Increased in the amount of synovial fluid in the joint capsule, reducing the friction between the Bones
What are the long term adaptations of exercise on the Respiratory system
(Aerobic exercise)
Increased capillarisation in the lungs
Improved strength of respiratory
muscles(intercostal and diaphragm)
Increased tidal volume
Increased surface area of alveoli
What are the long term adaptations of exercise on the cardiovascular system ?
Cardiac hypertrophy
Increased red blood cell count
Ventricle can hold a greater volume of blood
Reduced resting heart rate
Increased blood pressure
Increased vasomotor control
What type of training allows for aerobic adaptation to occur
Continuous training
Fartlek training
Interval training
What characteristic do aerobic activity have ?
Long duration
With presence of oxygen
Low-medium intensity
Gaseous exchange
Type 1( slow twitch fibres)
No fatiguing by products
What are some characteristics of anaerobic activity ?
Short duration
No o2 present
High-very high intensity- explosive
Skeletal muscle Fatiguing byproducts are present
What methods of training can be used to improve anaerobic adaptations ?
SAQ(speed and quickness)
Plyometric training
Fartlek training
Weight and resistance training
What are the long term adaptations of training on the musculoskeletal and neuromuscular system
(Anaerobic training (ATP-PC system) )
Muscle hypertrophy- due to increased protein synthesis
Increased creative phosphate stores
Increased bone density
Tendons become thicker and stronger
What are the lactic system adaptations of long term training ?
(Anaerobic exercise)
Greater tolerance of Lactic acid- buffering capacity
Increased muscle glycogen stores
