Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Midterms > Anaphy Book questions > Flashcards

Anaphy Book questions Flashcards

1
Q

Urinary System

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Normal glomerular filtrate contains
a. proteins
b. urea
c. water
d. red blood cells

A

c. water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which of the following substances should not be present in normal urine
a. Red blood cells
b. Uric aid
c. Creatinine
d. Glucose

A

a. red blood cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The antidiuretic hormone
a. is released by the posterior pituitary
b. causes the formation of very dilute urine
c. causes the collecting duct cells to reabsorb more water
d. makes an individual feel thirsty

A

d. makes an individual feel thirsty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which of the following is dependent on tubular secretion?
a. Clearing penicillin from the blood
b. Removal of nitrogenous wastes that have been reabsorbed
c. Removal of excess potassium ions from the blood
d. control of blood pH

A

a. clearing penicillin from the blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Low blood pressure detected by the cells in the green box directly stimulates the release of
a. aldosterone
b. renin
c. ADH
d. angiotensin II

A

b. renin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The smallest fluid compartment is the
a. intracellular fluid
b. extracellular fluid
c. plasma
d. interstitial fluid

A

a. intracellular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

In the carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system, strong acids are buffered by
a. carbonic acid
b. water
c. bicarbonate ion
d. the salt of the strong acid

A

c. bicarbonate ion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Name the organs of the urinary system, and describe
the general function of each organ.

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Describe the protective layers of the kidney

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Trace the pathway a uric acid molecule takes from a glomerulus to the urethra. Name every gross or microscopic structure it passes through on its journey.

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the function of the collecting ducts? What do they contain?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where do the peritubular capillaries arise from, and
how do they differ from the glomerular capillaries?

A

p = efferent (exit)
glomerular = afferent (enter)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which part of the glomerulus is under the highest pressure? What is the significance of this?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How does aldosterone modify the chemical composition of urine?

A

increase absorption of sodium and excretion of potassium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Through which parts of the nephron is NaCl transported out? Is this active transport or passive transport?

A

both daw? pero baka passive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

In which condition presence of proteins can be observed in urine? Is this condition pathological or
nonpathological? Explain.

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Describe the role of the respiratory system in controlling acid-base balance

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How do the internal and external urethral sphincters differ structurally and functionally?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Define micturition, and describe the micturition reflex.

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Describe the changes that occur in kidney and bladder function in old age.

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Special Senses

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Gustatory cells are
a. bipolar neurons
b. multipolar neurons
c. unipolar neurons
d. epithelial cells

A

d. epithelial cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Alkaloids excite gustatory hairs mostly at the
a. tip of the tongue
b. back of the tongue
c. vallate papillae
d. fungiform papillae

A

b. back of the tongu

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Parts of the olfactory mucosa include the
a. mucus layer
b. olfactory bulb
c. olfactory hairs
d. cribriform plate

A

c.ata

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Which cranial nerve is not involved in controlling the action of the extrinsic eye muscles?
a. Abducens
b. Oculomotor
c. Trochlear
d. Trigeminal

A

d. trigeminal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

The optic nerve transports nerve impulses generated by
a. bipolar cells
b. rods
c. cones
d. ganglion cells

A

d. ganglion cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

When the eye focuses for far vision,
a. the lens is at its thinnest
b. the ciliary muscles contract
c. the light rays are nearly parallel
d. suspensory fibers of the ciliary zonule are slack

A

a. ata

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Convergence
a. requires contraction of the medical rectus
b. is needed for near vision
c. involves transmission of impulses along the abducens nerves
d. can promote eyestrain

A

a.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Which of the following are paired incorrectly?
a. tympanic cavity - ossicles
b. Round window-stapes
c. Tympanic membrane - hammer
d. oval window-incus

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Sounds entering the external acoustic meatus are eventually converted to nerve impulses via a chain of events including
a. vibration of the eardrum
b. vibratory motion of the ossicles against the oval window
c. stimulation of hair cells in the spiral organ of Corti
d. resonnce of teh cupula

A

a.

32
Q

Distinguish between tarsal and ciliary glands.

A

tarsal = oil
ciliary = sweat

33
Q

Name the extrinsic eye muscles that allow you to
direct your eyes.

A
34
Q

Which mechanism makes it possible for us to determine the source of a sound? What makes us unaware
of repeating sounds?

A

hair cells daw

35
Q

Normal balance depends on information transmitted
from a number of sensory receptor types. Name at
least three of these receptors.

A
36
Q

For each of the following descriptions, indicate
whether it applies to a macula or a crista ampullaris:
inside a semicircular canal; contains otoliths;
responds to linear acceleration and deceleration; has
a cupula; responds to rotational acceleration and deceleration; inside the vestibule.

A
37
Q

Cardiovascular

A
38
Q

Both venae cava deliver oxygen-poor blood from the body to the
a. right ventricle
b. left ventricle
c. right atrium
d. left atrium

A

c. right atrium

39
Q

Given a volume of 150 ml at the end of a diastole, a volume of 50 ml at the end of systole, and a heart rate of 60 bpm, the cardiac output is
a. 600 ml/min
b. 6 liters/min
c. 1200 ml/ min
d. 3 liters/min

A

a.

40
Q

During atrial diastole,
a. the atrial pressure exceeds the ventricular pressure
b. blood from the pulmonary and systemic circuits fills atria
c. the semilunar valves are forced open
d. the SA node depolarizes

A
41
Q

Atrial repolarization coincides in time with the
a. P wave
b. T wave
c. The semilunar valves are forced open
d. the SSA node depolarizes

A
42
Q

Soon after the onset of ventricular systole, the
a. AV valves close
b. semilunar valves open
c. first heart sound is heard
d. aortic pressure increases

A

a.

43
Q

To count the heart rate for an apical pulse, you would place your stethoscope approximately at the level of the
a. third intercostal space
b. fourth intercostal space
c. fifth intercostal space
d. sixth intercostal space

A

c.

44
Q

In comparing a parallel artery and vein, you would find that
a. the artery wall is thicker
b. the artery diameter is greater
c. the artery lumen is smaller
d. the artery endothelium is thicker

A

a.

45
Q

Which of these vessels is bilaterally symmetrical
a. internal carotid artery
b. brachiocephalic trunk
c. Azygos vein
d. Renal vein

A

a.

46
Q

A stroke that occludes a posterior cerebral artery will most likely affect
a. hearing
b. vision
c. smell
d. higher thought processes

A

b.

47
Q

Most of the small intestine is supplied by the
a. superior mesenteric artery
b. inferior mesenteric artery
c. lumbar arteries
d. celiac trunk

A

a.

48
Q

In which of the heart chambers does the coronary sinus empty?
a. right ventricle
b. right atrium
c. left ventricle
d. left atrium

A

b.

49
Q

Which of the following are associated with aging
a. increasing blood pressure
b. weakening of venous valves
c. arteriosclerosis
d. collapse of the ductus arteriosus

A

a b c daw

50
Q

What effects do the kidneys have on blood pressure?
a. they decrease pressure by causing vasodilation
b. they increase pressure by increasing blood volume
c. they decrease pressure by decreasing blood volume
d. they increase pressure by decreasing blood volume

A

b.

51
Q

Which of the following are features of capillaries?
a. They allow direct diffusion of nutrients
b. they allow transport by vesicles
c. they have large pores to allow transport
d. they rely on valves to allow transport

A

a.

52
Q

How many cusps does the semilunar valve at the base of the aorta have?
a. two
b. three
c. four
d. six

A

b

53
Q

Which factors are known to induce vasoconstriction
a. Alcohol
b. heat
c. nicotine
d. angiotensin II

A

c.

54
Q

How is blood supply to the brain provided? Which special network offers an additional guarantee for
continuous blood supply to all brain parts?

A
55
Q

How does the heart’s ability to contract differ from
that of other muscles of the body?

A
56
Q

Which system is responsible for decreasing heart rate
after a crisis has passed?

A
57
Q

What causes the development of varicose veins in the
lower limbs?

A
58
Q

What is the function of the hepatic portal circulation?
In what way is a portal circulation a “strange”
circulation?

A
59
Q

In a fetus, the liver and lungs are almost entirely
bypassed by blood. Why is this? Name the vessel that bypasses the liver. Name two lung bypasses. Three vessels travel in the umbilical cord; which of these carries
oxygen- and nutrient-rich blood?

A
60
Q

Which part of the nervous system plays an important
role in regulating blood pressure? By which action
does it increase blood pressure?

A
61
Q

The major endocrine organs of the body
a. tend to be very large organs
b. are closely connected with each other
c. all contribute to the same function
d. tend to lie near the midline of the body

A

d.

62
Q

Which of the following is (Are)true of the hormone melatonin
a. it is a releasing hormone
b. its level is the highest at night
c. it is a sleep trigger
d. iodine is needed to produce it

A

c.

63
Q

Which of the following hormones is (are) secreted by neurons
a. oxytocin
b. insulin
c. ADH
d. Cortisol

A

a and c

64
Q

ANP, the hormone secreted by the heart, has exactly the opposite function to this hormone secreted by the outermost zone of the adrenal cortex
a. epinephrine
b. cortisol
c. aldosterone
d. Testosterone

A
65
Q

Hormones that act directly or indirectly to elevate the blood glucose level include which of the following?
a. GH
b. Cortisol
c. Insulin
d. ACTH

A

a.

66
Q

Hypertension may result from hypersecretion of
a. thyroxine
b. cortisol
c. aldosterone
d. ADH

A

d.

67
Q

Which of the following is (are) associated with the short-term stress response?
a. increased blood sugar
b. Mineralocorticoids
c. Epinephrine
d. Increased metabolic rate

A
68
Q

Which of the following is given as a drug to reduce inflammation
a. Epinephrine
b. Cortisol
c. Aldosterone
d. ADH

A
69
Q

The element needed for thyroid gland function is
a. potassium
b. iodine
c. calcium
d. manganese

A
70
Q

Briefly describe how a steroid hormone affects the
activity of the target cell.

A
71
Q

Describe the body location of each of the following
endocrine organs: anterior pituitary, pineal gland, thymus, pancreas, ovaries, testes. Then, for each organ, name its hormones and their effect(s) on body
processes. Finally, for each hormone, list the important results of its hypersecretion or hyposecretion.

A
72
Q

What anatomical feature makes it possible for the
releasing hormones from the hypothalamus to influence the activity of the anterior pituitary?

A
73
Q

What is the primary function of antidiuretic hormone? Why is it also called “vasopressin?

A
74
Q

. What is the role of alpha and beta cells in the regulation of blood glucose?

A
75
Q

The adrenal cortex produces corticosteroids. What is
the difference between mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids with regard to their production sites? What
major functions do they monitor?

A

Midterms (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions