Anatomical terms Flashcards
(29 cards)
What is the anterior side (ventral)
Front of the body
What is the posterior side (dorsal)
back of the body
What are the features of the anatomical position
upright, arms at sides, palms forward, feet parallel and together.
superior
above or towards the head
inferior
below, or towards the feet
proximol
closer to where arm or leg inserts into the body
distal
further away from where the arm or leg inserts into the body
when do we use proximal and distal
when describing 2 points on the same limb (arm or leg)
medial
closer to the midline
lateral
further from the midline
What is the sagittal plane
lengthwise cut - divides body into left and right portions
what are the 2 different sagittal planes
mid-sagittal plane (cut is through midline), para-sagittal plane (if cut is not through midline)
What is the frontal/coronal plane
divides body into anterior and posterior portions
What is the transverse plane
Horizontal cut that divides body into superior and inferior portions
What is the oblique plane
any diagonal cut
what is the flexion movement
moving a joint so that the angle between the bones decreases. Usually anterior direction, knee joint is the exception
What is the extension movement
involves straightening a joint, increasing the angle between the bones. Usually in posterior direction
where does abduction and adduction occur
on the frontal plane
what is the abduction movement
moving part of the body away from the median plane
what is the adduction movement
moving towards the median plane
where does pronation and supination occur
in the forearm and hand
what is pronation movement
rotation of the radius medially so that the distal end crosses over the anterior aspect of the ulna resulting in the palm of the hand facing posteriorly
what is supination movement
radius rotates laterally so that the radius and ulna are parallel to one another (palm faces superiorly)
what does the prefix cyto mean
cell